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Bioconversion of Jackfruit Seed Waste to Fungal Biomass Protein by Submerged Fermentation

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Abstract

The bioconversion of jackfruit seed into a valuable product like Single-Cell Protein (SCP) was carried out using Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS), five filamentous fungi such as Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizopus microsporus, and Candida intermedia by submerged fermentation. Data obtained from the study showed that supplementation of jackfruit seed extracts with inorganic nitrogen sources and glucose as a carbon source enhanced fungal biomass and SCP production. Among the various fungal strains, A. niger gave the highest biomass and protein yield of 4.01 ± 0.07 g/l and 1.82 ± 0.03 g/l, respectively, on the 9th day of fermentation followed by P. expansum (3.65 ± 0.04 g/l and 1.68 ± 0.03 g/l, respectively). C. intermedia growth was not recorded in all the experimental media. The present study revealed that fungal biomass has shown low crude fat, crude fiber, and total genomic DNA content ranged from 1.10 ± 0.20 to 4.95 ± 0.40%. A. niger and P. expansum were the most efficient in the conversion of sugar (55.83 ± 0.3% and 54.71 ± 0.4%, respectively) to yield biomass in sugar supplementation media. P. expansum and A. niger were the most promising fungal strains to produce fungal biomass protein using inexpensive agro-waste materials.

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Data Availability

The database generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the MTCC, Chandigarh, for providing purified fungal culture. The authors are thankful to the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (formerly Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur), West Bengal, India, for providing facilities for the completion of this research work.

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  1. School of Community Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711 103, West Bengal, India

    Ankita Chakraborty & Jayati Bhowal

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  1. Ankita Chakraborty
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Contributions

Ankita Chakraborty: Experiments, formal analysis, validation, and writing original draft.

Jayati Bhowal: Conceptualization, supervision, and writing–review and editing.

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Correspondence to Jayati Bhowal.

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Chakraborty, A., Bhowal, J. Bioconversion of Jackfruit Seed Waste to Fungal Biomass Protein by Submerged Fermentation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 2158–2171 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04063-8

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