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Effects of Tezepelumab on Quality of Life of Patients with Moderate-to-Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

To assess the effects of tezepelumab on quality of life (QoL) in patients with moderate-to-severe, uncontrolled asthma.

Recent Findings

Tezepelumab improves pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and reduces the annualized asthma exacerbation rate (AAER) in patients with moderate-to-severe, uncontrolled asthma.

Summary

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to September 2022. We included randomized controlled trials comparing tezepelumab versus placebo in patients aged ≥ 12 years with asthma on medium- or high-dose inhaled corticosteroids with ≥ 1 additional controller medication for ≥ 6 months and who had ≥ 1 asthma exacerbation in the 12 months before enrollment. We estimated effects measures with a random-effects model. Of 239 records identified, three studies were included, with a total of 1,484 patients. Tezepelumab significantly decreased biomarkers of T helper 2-driven inflammation, including blood eosinophil count (MD -135.8 [95% CI -164.37, -107.23]) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (MD -9.64 [95% CI -13.75, -5.53]); improved PFTs, including pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (MD 0.18 [95% CI 0.08–0.27]); reduced the AAER (MD 0.47 [95% CI 0.39–0.56]); improved asthma-specific health-related QoL in the Asthma Control Questionnaire-6 (MD -0.33 [95% CI -0.34, -0.32]), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire for 12 Years and Older (MD 0.34 [95% CI 0.33, -0.35]), Asthma Symptom Diary (MD -0.11 [95% CI -0.18, -0.04]), and European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Levels Questionnaire (SMD 3.29 [95% CI 2.03, 4.55]) scores, although not clinically important; and did not change key safety outcomes, including any adverse event (OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.56–1.09]).

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Data Availability

All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Rhanderson Cardoso, MD, MHS (Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School) for his valuable support in conducting this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

    Gabriel Cavalcante Lima Chagas

  2. Department of Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil

    Débora Xavier & Lorena Gomes

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA

    Juliana Ferri-Guerra

  4. Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami Beach, FL, USA

    Rafael Enrique Hernandez Oquet

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the development of the search strategy and selection and data extraction criteria. GC performed the selection of studies, data extraction, methodological quality assessment, and certainty assessment, provided statistical expertise, wrote, and published the protocol, and drafted the manuscript. DX performed the selection of studies, data extraction, methodological quality assessment, and certainty assessment, provided statistical expertise, and drafted the manuscript. LG performed the selection of studies and data extraction, provided statistical expertise, and drafted the manuscript. JFG performed the methodological quality and certainty assessment and drafted the manuscript. RHO contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Gabriel Cavalcante Lima Chagas.

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Chagas, G.C.L., Xavier, D., Gomes, L. et al. Effects of Tezepelumab on Quality of Life of Patients with Moderate-to-Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 23, 287–298 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-023-01085-y

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