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Geophysical-laboratory data integration for estimation of groundwater volumetric reserve of a coastal hinterland through optimized interpolation of interconnected geo-pore architecture

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Abstract

Ground based geophysical survey involving forty five 1-D geo-sounding resistivity procedures was integrated with ten geological rock samples (ground truths) to estimate the volumetric quantity of water in probable and economically sustainable shallow aquifer system in interconnected geo-pore architecture. The volume of usable water in the probable and economically accessible depths in the study area was assessed in order to estimate the degree of sustainability of groundwater in the face of its increasing demand in the coastal region of Akwa Ibom State. Integration of vertical electrical sounding (VES) analysis, porosity determination from cored aquifer samples and optimization of the numerically interpolated volume of aquifer geo-pore architecture were deployed to achieve the objective of this research. The VES interpretative results furnished geologic layers that are ranging from three to four. The resistivity in the first layer ranged from 21.0 to 1685.1 \(\Omega m\) with an average of 553.3 \(\Omega m\). Layers 2, 3 and 4 have their respective ranges of resistivities as 26.3–3688.7\(\Omega m\), 45.2–3792.5\(\Omega m\) and 61.7–1562\(\Omega m\), while their mean values were also obtained as 882.8\(\Omega m\), 1192.2\(\Omega m\) and 633.0\(\Omega m\) respectively. The thicknesses of the geologic units for layers 1–3 were marked by ranges of 0.4–40.0 m, 5.2–262.6 m and 42.8–237.3 m respectively with estimated respective mean values of 8.4 m, 75.1 m and 102.0 m. The ranges and mean values for the depths of investigation for layers 1–3 were 0.4—40.0 m, 6.9–265.0 m and 55.5–290.1 m and 8.2 m, 83.8 m and 122.5 m respectively. The range of net volume of water in the probable and economic aquifer system was estimated to be as \((3.76178\pm 0.41380)\times {10}^{10}{m}^{3}.\) The optimized volume of water from the aquifer system geo-pore architecture is viewed through numerical interpolation to be sufficiently inexhaustible in serving the domestic, agricultural and industrial purposes for all-season conservation and sustainability of ecological make up of the study area. With the estimated groundwater reserve, the coastal conservation of flora and fauna as well as effective planning for sustainable water supply by stakeholders can be guaranteed during the reoccurring, challenging, daring and harsh climatic conditions in the coast surveyed.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to members of Geophysics Research Group (GRG), for their numerous contributions that led to the actualization of this research outcome. The first author would like to thank Prof. I. Othman, General Director of Syrian Atomic Energy Commission for allowing and giving his official approval for Prof. Jamal Asfahani from the staff of SAEC to collaborate in this research paper. We are also indebted to the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their constructive criticisms, which aided in a considerable improvement in the final form of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Physics (Geophysics Research Group), Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, PMB 1162, Uyo, Nigeria

    Nyakno Jimmy George, James Anthony Umoh, Aniekan Martin Ekanem & Jewel Emem Thomas

  2. Department of Physics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria

    Okechukwu Ebuka Agbasi

  3. Department of Geology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria

    Asfahani Jamal

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  1. Nyakno Jimmy George
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George, N.J., Umoh, J.A., Ekanem, A.M. et al. Geophysical-laboratory data integration for estimation of groundwater volumetric reserve of a coastal hinterland through optimized interpolation of interconnected geo-pore architecture. J Coast Conserv 26, 56 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-022-00902-2

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