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Forest structure of arid zone mangroves in relation to their physical and chemical environment in the western Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat, Northwest coast of India

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Abstract

To understand natural and anthropic control of mangrove vegetation in the Gulf of Kachchh, a study was undertaken of its vegetation structure. Over 2 years (1999–2000) at three sites, mangrove vegetation was studied, including tree density, tree height, tree girth at breast height (GBH), canopy index, regeneration class and recruitment class, together with physico-chemical characteristics of water and sediment and the textural aspects of sediments. Reflecting the hot, arid hinterland of Gujarat, ambient temperatures and salinities are high in this macrotidal estuary, decreasing somewhat during the monsoon. The littoral soil supporting the mangrove is abundant in silty loam, silty clay and slity clay loam. The density of mature trees (Mangrove plants of GBH > 25 cm) ranged from 2088/ha to 3011/ha, the height of the trees ranged from 1.42 m to 9 m and the maximum mean GBH at all three sites was 33 cm, and the mean canopy indices ranged between 4.77 m2 and 10.45 m2. The maximum density of regeneration stages was 100,800/ha while that of recruitment stages was only 3,040/ha. While quite severely impacted by anthropic exploitation at one site, the mangrove ecosystem of Gulf of Kachchh was found to be mainly healthy and supporting associated organisms. The ecological and social role of the mangrove, and the potential for its future conservation are briefly discussed in the light of current legislation.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Gujarat State Forest Department for giving permission to carry out this study. We thank the Director, CAS in Marine Biology and authorities of Annamalai University for encouragement and support and the Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, Gujarat for providing the facilities. Grateful thanks are also due to Prof. T. Kannupandi, Former Director, CAS in Marine Biology, Parangipettai for their constant encouragement and advice in various stages of the studies. We are also thankful to Dr. Ian Jenkinson, Agency for Consultation and Research in Oceanography, La Roche Canillac, France for his valuable comments. Authors are also thankful to two anonymous reviewer for his valuable comments and suggestions. This work was also supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Fellowship for International Young Researchers to M. Rajkumar and National Natural Science Foundation of China (40776093) to Jun Sun.

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  1. Mayalagu Rajkumar

    Present address: Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7th Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India

    Ayyappan Saravanakumar & Mayalagu Rajkumar

  2. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Jun Sun

  3. Marine Studies & Coastal Resource Management, Madras Christian College, Tambaram, Chennai, 600 059, Tamil Nadu, India

    Jebaraj Sesh Serebiah

  4. Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, Bhuj, 370 001, Gujarat, India

    Gobi Alagiri Thivakaran

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Correspondence to Mayalagu Rajkumar.

Appendix

Appendix

Table 1 Simple correlation coefficient (r) between water parameters, soil parameters and vegetation structure at station I
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Table 2 Simple correlation coefficient (r) between water parameters, soil parameters and vegetation structure at station II
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Table 3 Simple correlation coefficient (r) between water parameters, soil parameters and vegetation structure at station III
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Saravanakumar, A., Rajkumar, M., Sun, J. et al. Forest structure of arid zone mangroves in relation to their physical and chemical environment in the western Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat, Northwest coast of India. J Coast Conserv 13, 217–234 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-009-0070-y

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