Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Seismic collapse simulation of existing masonry buildings with different retrofitting techniques

  • Technical Papers
  • Published:
Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Masonry buildings are primarily constructed out of bricks and mortar which become discrete pieces and cannot sustain horizontal forces created by a strong earthquake. The collapse of masonry walls may cause significant human casualties and economic losses. To maintain their integrity, several methods have been developed to retrofit existing masonry buildings, such as the constructional RC frame which has been extensively used in China. In this study, a new method using precast steel reinforced concrete (PSRC) panels is developed. To demonstrate its effectiveness, numerical studies are conducted to investigate and compare the collapse behavior of a structure without retrofitting, retrofitted with a constructional RC frame, and retrofitted with external PSRC walls (PSRCW). Sophisticated finite element models (FEM) were developed and nonlinear time history analyses were carried out. The results show that the existing masonry building is severely damaged under occasional earthquakes, and totally collapsed under rare earthquakes. Both retrofitting techniques improve the seismic performance of existing masonry buildings. However, it is found that several occasional earthquakes caused collapse or partial collapse of the building retrofitted with the constructional RC frame, while the one retrofitted by the proposed PSRC wall system survives even under rare earthquakes. The effectiveness of the proposed retrofitting method on existing masonry buildings is thus fully demonstrated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Cai JF (1984), Seismic Damage of Multi-Story Masonry Buildings in Tangshan, Tsinghua University Press, Beijing, China. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Caliò I, Marletta M and Pantò B (2012), “A New Discrete Element Model for the Evaluation of the Seismic Behaviour of Unreinforced Masonry Buildings,” Engineering Structures, 40: 327–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charleson A and Blondet M (2012), “Seismic Reinforcement for Adobe Houses with Straps from Used Car Tires,” Earthquake Spectra, 28(2): 511–530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen ZY (2009), Disaster and Countermeasures of Buildings During Wenchuan Earthquake, China Building Industry Press, Beijing, China. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai J, Qu Z, Zhang C and Weng X (2013), “Preliminary Investigation of Seismic Damage to Two Steel Space Structures During The 2013 Lushan Earthquake,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 12(3): 497–500.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ElGawady M, Lestuzzi P and Badoux M (2004), “A Review of Conventional Seismic Retrofitting Techniques for URM,” 13th Brick & Block Masonry Conf., Amsterdam, 9: 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • FEMA P695 (2009), “Quantification of building seismic performance factors,” ATC 263 Project Report.

  • Gu XL, Peng B, Chen GL, Li X and Ouyang Y (2012), “Rapid Strengthening of Masonry Structures Cracked In Earthquakes Using Fiber Composite Materials,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 16(5): 590–603.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hakuno M and Meguro K (1993), “Simulation of Concrete-Frame Collapse due to Dynamic Loading,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 119(9): 1709–1723.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lemos JV (2007), “Discrete element Modeling of Masonry Structures,” International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 1(2): 190–213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li J (2013), “The Collapsed Factors Analysis of Masonry Structures and Preliminary Exploration about Anti-collapse Based Numerical Simulation,” Master Dissertation, Chongqing University. (in Chinese)

  • Li WF, Wang T, Chen X, Zhong X and Pan P (2017), “Pseudo-Dynamic Tests on Masonry Residential Buildings Seismically Retrofitted by PSRCWs,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 16(3): 587–597.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu X, Lu XZ, Guan H, et al. (2013), “Collapse Simulation of Reinforced Concrete High-Rise Building Induced by Extreme Earthquakes,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 42(5):705–723.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China (2010), Code for Design of Concrete Structures (GB 50010-2010), China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing, China. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China (2011), Code for Design of Masonry Structures (GB 50003-2011), China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing, China. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China (2016), Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB 50011-2010), China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing, China. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Moon FL, Yi TY, Leon R and Kahn L (2007), “Testing of A Full-Scale Unreinforced Masonry Building Following Seismic Strengthening,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 133(9): 1215–1226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Standardization Administration of The People’s Republic of China (2015), Seismic Ground Motion Parameters Zonation Map of China (GB 18306-2015), Standards Press of China, Beijing, China. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Su QW, Xu H, Wu H, Zhang Y and GQ (2013), “Research on Inter-Story Displacement Angle of Brick Masonry Structures,” China Civil Engineering Journal, 46(S1): 26–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun BT and Yan PL (2015), “Damage Characteristics and Seismic Capacity of Buildings During Nepal Ms 8.1 Earthquake,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 14(3): 571–578.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taghdi M, Bruneau M and Saatcioglu M (2000), “Seismic Retrofitting of Low-Rise Masonry and Concrete Walls Using Steel Strips,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 126(9): 1017–1025.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vamvatsikos D and Cornell CA (2002), “Incremental dynamic analysis,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 31(3): 491–514.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang T, Cheng C and Guo X (2012), “Model-Based Predicting and Correcting Algorithms for Substructure Online Hybrid Tests,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 41(15): 2331–2349.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang T and Nakashima M (2013), “Flexible Substructure Online Hybrid Test System Using Conventional Testing Devices,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 12(3): 341–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu Hu (2008), “Analysis on Seismic Collapse Resistant Behavior of the Large-Bay Multistory Brick Masonry Structures,” Doctor Dissertation, Southwest Jiaotong University. (in Chinese)

  • Zheng KY (2012), “Seismic Collapse Study of Masonry Walls and Structures,” Master Dissertation, Hunan University. (in Chinese)

Download references

Acknowledgment

This research was funded by the Scientific Research Fund of the Institute of Engineering Mechanics, CEA (2016A06), the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant Nos. (2016YFC0701101, 2017YFC1500701), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51678538). Any opinions, findings, and conclusion or recommendation expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China

    Dongdong Ge

  2. Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Yanjiao, Sanhe, 065201, China

    Chunbo Du

  3. Beijing Institute of Architectural Design, Beijing, 100045, China

    Qisong Miao & Xi Chen

Authors
  1. Dongdong Ge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chunbo Du
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Qisong Miao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xi Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chunbo Du.

Additional information

Supported by: Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics, CEA under Grant No. 2016A06, National Key R&D Program of China under Grant Nos. 2016YFC0701101 and 2017YFC1500701, and National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 51678538

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ge, D., Du, C., Miao, Q. et al. Seismic collapse simulation of existing masonry buildings with different retrofitting techniques. Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib. 20, 127–139 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-021-2010-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-021-2010-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation