Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Particle swarm optimization algorithm for simultaneous optimal placement and sizing of shunt active power conditioner (APC) and shunt capacitor in harmonic distorted distribution system

  • Published:
Journal of Central South University Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Due to development of distribution systems and increase in electricity demand, the use of capacitor banks increases. From the other point of view, nonlinear loads generate and inject considerable harmonic currents into power system. Under this condition if capacitor banks are not properly selected and placed in the power system, they could amplify and propagate these harmonics and deteriorate power quality to unacceptable levels. With attention of disadvantages of passive filters, such as occurring resonance, nowadays the usage of this type of harmonic compensator is restricted. On the other side, one of parallel multi-function compensating devices which are recently used in distribution system to mitigate voltage sag and harmonic distortion, performs power factor correction, and improves the overall power quality as active power conditioner (APC). Therefore, the utilization of APC in harmonic distorted system can affect and change the optimal location and size of shunt capacitor bank under harmonic distortion condition. This paper presents an optimization algorithm for improvement of power quality using simultaneous optimal placement and sizing of APC and shunt capacitor banks in radial distribution networks in the presence of voltage and current harmonics. The algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization (PSO). The objective function includes the cost of power losses, energy losses and those of the capacitor banks and APCs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. GALLAL Y, ISMAEL M, FAHMY A. Capacitor allocation and sizing for distribution system via fuzzy techniques [J]. Global Advanced Research Journal of Engineering, Technology and Innovation, 2013, 2(6): 173–180.

    Google Scholar 

  2. de SOUZA B A, DO ALVES H N, FERREIRA H A. Micro-genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic applied to the optimal placement of capacitor banks in distribution networks [J]. IEEE Trans Power Syst, 2004, 19(2): 942–947.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. HUANG S J. An immune based optimization method to capacitor placement in a radial distribution system [J]. IEEE Trans Power Del, 2000, 15(2): 744–749.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. AURIZIO D, GRANELLI G P, MARANNINO P, MARIO M. Optimal capacitor placement using deterministic and genetic algorithms [J]. IEEE Trans Power Syst, 2000, 15(3): 1041–1046.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. SEGURA SILVIO, ROMERO RUBEN, RIDER M J. Efficient heuristic algorithm used for optimal capacitor placement in distribution system [J]. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst, 2010, 32(1): 71–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. ETEMADI A H, FOTUHI-FIRUZABAD M. Distribution system reliability enhancement using optimal capacitor placement [J]. IET Gener Transm Distrib, 2008, 2(5): 621–631.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. EAJAL A, EL-AREF HAWARY M. Optimal capacitor placement and sizing in unbalanced distribution systems with harmonics consideration using particle swarm optimization [J]. IEEE Trans Power Deliver, 2010, 25(3): 1734–1741.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. TENG J H, CHANG C Y. Backward/forward sweep-based harmonic analysis method for distribution systems [J]. IEEE Trans Power Deliver, 2007, 22(3): 1665–1672.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. BANAEI M R, HOSSEINI S H, KHANMOHAMADI S G B. Loss reduction of distribution system using APC [J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 2005, 13: 169–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. FARAHANI V, VAHIDI B, ABYANEH H A. Reconfiguration and capacitor placement simultaneously for energy loss reduction based on an improved reconfiguration method [J]. IEEE Trans Power Syst, 2011, 2(5): 621–631.

    Google Scholar 

  11. CHANG C F. Reconfiguration and capacitor placement for loss reduction of distribution systems by ant colony search algorithm [J]. IEEE Trans Power Syst, 2008, 23(4): 1747–1755.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. OLIVEIRA L, CARNEIRO S, de OLIVEIRA E, PEREIRA J, SILVA I, COSTAI J. Optimal reconfiguration and capacitor allocation in radial distribution systems for energy losses minimization [J]. Int J Electric Power Energy Syst, 2010, 32(8): 840–848.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. SAJJADI S M, HAGHIFAM M R, SALEHI J. Simultaneous placement of distributed generation and capacitors in distribution networks considering voltage stability index [J]. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst, 2013, 46: 366–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. SADIGHMANESH A, ZARE K, SABAHI M. Distributed generation unit and capacitor placement for multi objective optimization [J]. Int J Electr Commun Eng, 2012, 2(5): 615–620.

    Google Scholar 

  15. JAIN N, SINGH S N, SRIVASTAVA S C. PSO based placement of multiple wind DGs and capacitors utilizing probabilistic load flow model [J]. Swarm and Evolutionary Computation, 2014, 19: 15–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. TAHER S A, KARIMIAN A, HASANI M. A new method for optimal location and sizing of capacitors in distorted distribution networks using PSO algorithm [J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 2011, 19: 662–672.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. MOHKAMI V, HOOSHMAND R, KHODABAKHSHIAN A. Fuzzy optimal placement of capacitors in the presence of nonlinear loads in unbalanced distribution networks using BF-PSO algorithm [J]. Applied Soft Computing, 2011, 11: 3634–3642.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. TAHER S A, HASANI M, KARIMIAN A. A novel method for optimal capacitor placement and sizing in distribution systems with nonlinear loads and DG using GA [J]. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simulat, 2011, 16: 851–862.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. ZIARI I, JALILIAN A. Optimal placement and sizing of multiple APLCs using a modified discrete PSO [J]. Int J Electric Power Energy Syst, 2012, 43: 630–639.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. FARHOODNEA M, MOHAMEDA A, SHAREEF H, ZAYANDEHROODI H. Optimum placement of active power conditioner in distribution systems using improved discrete firefly algorithm for power quality enhancement [J]. Applied Soft Computing, 2014, 23: 249–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. SAADAT H. Power system analysis [M]. 2nd ed. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  22. TENG J H, CHANG C Y. Backward/forward sweep-based harmonic analysis method for distribution systems [J]. IEEE Trans. Power Deliver, 2007, 22: 1665–1672.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. TENG J H. A network-topology-based three-phase load flow for distribution systems [J]. Proc Natl Sci Counc ROC (A), 2000, 24(4): 259–264.

    Google Scholar 

  24. MOHAMMADI M. Bacterial foraging optimization and adaptive version for economically optimum sitting, sizing and harmonic tuning orders setting o LC harmonic passive power filters in radial distribution systems with linear and nonlinear loads [J]. Applied Soft Computing, 2015, 29: 345–356.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Task force on harmonic modeling and simulation, modeling and simulation of the propagation of harmonics in electric power networks: Parts I and II [R]. IEEE Trans Power Deliv, 1996, 11(1): 435–474.

  26. RIBEIRO P F. Guidelines on distribution system and load representation for harmonic studies [C]// Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Harmonic in Power System, JCHPS. Atlanta, GA, USA: IEEE, 1992: 272–280.

    Google Scholar 

  27. KENNEDY J, EBERHART R, SHI Yu-hui. Swarm intelligence [R]. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  28. CLERC M, KENNEDY J. The particle swarm-explosion, stability, and convergence in a multi-dimensional complex space [J]. IEEE Trans Evolut Comput, 2002, 6(1): 58–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. IEEE recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in electric power systems [R]. New York: IEEE Std, 1993: 519–1992.

  30. AMANIFAR O, GOLSHAN M E H. Optimal distributed generation placement and sizing for loss and THD reduction and voltage profile improvement in distribution systems using particle swarm optimization and sensitivity analysis [J]. International Journal on Technical and Physical Problems of Engineering, 2011, 7(3): 47–53.

    Google Scholar 

  31. GOSWAMI S K, BASU S K. A new algorithm for the reconfiguration of distribution feeders for loss minimization [J]. IEEE Trans Power Del, 1992, 7(3): 1484–1491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran

    Mohammad Mohammadi

Authors
  1. Mohammad Mohammadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Mohammadi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mohammadi, M. Particle swarm optimization algorithm for simultaneous optimal placement and sizing of shunt active power conditioner (APC) and shunt capacitor in harmonic distorted distribution system. J. Cent. South Univ. 24, 2035–2048 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-017-3613-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-017-3613-7

Key words

Search

Navigation