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Antioxidant defense responses: physiological plasticity in higher plants under abiotic constraints

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Abstract

Environmental stresses (salinity, drought, heat/cold, light and other hostile conditions) may trigger in plants oxidative stress, generating the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These species are partially reduced or activated derivatives of oxygen, comprising both free radical \( ( {\text{O}}_{2}^{\cdot - } ,{\text{OH}} \cdot , {\text{OH}}_{ 2} \cdot ) \) and non-radical (H2O2) forms, leading to cellular damage, metabolic disorders and senescence processes. In order to overcome oxidative stress, plants have developed two main antioxidants defense mechanisms that can be classified as non-enzymatic and enzymatic systems. The first class (non-enzymatic) consists of small molecules such as vitamin (A, C and E), glutathione, carotenoids and phenolics that can react directly with the ROS by scavenging them. Second class is represented by enzymes among them superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase which have the capacity to eliminate superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. In this review, we have tried to explore the related works, which have revealed the changes in the basic antioxidant metabolism of plants under various abiotic constraints.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India

    Cheruth Abdul Jaleel, Ragupathi Gopi, Paramasivam Manivannan & Rajaram Panneerselvam

  2. DMJM International (Cansult Maunsell/AECOM Ltd), Consultant of Gardens Sector Projects, Alain Municipality and Eastern Emirates, P.O. Box 1419, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

    Cheruth Abdul Jaleel & Hameed Jasim Al-Juburi

  3. Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Stress Abiotiques, Centre de Biotechnologie à la Technopole de Borj-Cédria (CBBC), BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia

    Ksouri Riadh & Jallali Inès

  4. College of Plant Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Chunyang Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, China

    Zhao Chang-Xing

  5. Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603, China

    Shao Hong-Bo

  6. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Centre of Soil and Water Conservation and Eco-Environmental Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Yangling, 712100, China

    Shao Hong-Bo

  7. Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China

    Shao Hong-Bo

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  1. Cheruth Abdul Jaleel
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  2. Ksouri Riadh
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  3. Ragupathi Gopi
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  4. Paramasivam Manivannan
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  5. Jallali Inès
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  6. Hameed Jasim Al-Juburi
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  7. Zhao Chang-Xing
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  8. Shao Hong-Bo
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  9. Rajaram Panneerselvam
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cheruth Abdul Jaleel.

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Communicated by A. Kononowicz.

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Jaleel, C.A., Riadh, K., Gopi, R. et al. Antioxidant defense responses: physiological plasticity in higher plants under abiotic constraints. Acta Physiol Plant 31, 427–436 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-009-0275-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-009-0275-6

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