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Optimization of extraction of bioactive phenolics and their antioxidant potential from callus and leaf extracts of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

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Abstract

The present study was intended to investigate total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant potential in terms of radical scavenging activity (RSA) of organic solvent extracts from callus and leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, which is very well known for its extraordinary sweetening properties. MS medium + 2, 4-D (4 mg L−1) + Kin (0.5 mg L−1) was found to be the best medium for callus induction of stevia. The extracts from callus and leaves were prepared by ultrasonic extraction using different concentrations of ethanol:water i.e. 25, 50 and 75% ethanol in water at different temperatures (30, 50 and 70 °C) and extraction times (10, 20 and 30 min). Maximum amounts of TPC, TFC and RSA (dependent response variables) were optimized by response surface methodology to study the effects of individual factors i.e. independent variables (ethanol:water ratio, ultrasonic temperature and time) and their mutual interactions on the values of above said responses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report involving optimization studies using these independent and dependent variables form extracts of stevia. On investigation of 3D surface plots, ethanol:water ratio as extraction solvent was found to be the most important factor in obtaining maximum TPC and TFC whereas ultrasonic temperature while extraction was observed as the determining factor for RSA. It was concluded that callus and leaves of S. rebaudiana possess enormous potential for their incorporation into dietary supplements. They can also be recommended as sugar-free and antioxidant functional ingredients in food products especially designed for diabetic people.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India

    Ramandeep Kaur

  2. School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India

    Pooja Manchanda & Gurupkar Singh Sidhu

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  1. Ramandeep Kaur
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  2. Pooja Manchanda
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  3. Gurupkar Singh Sidhu
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Kaur, R., Manchanda, P. & Sidhu, G.S. Optimization of extraction of bioactive phenolics and their antioxidant potential from callus and leaf extracts of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Food Measure 16, 461–470 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-01176-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-01176-2

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