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Water yield and biomass production for on a eucalypt-dominated Mediterranean catchment under different climate scenarios

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Abstract

Worldwide, forests are vital in the regulation of the water cycle regulation and in water balance allocation. Knowledge of ecohydrological responses of production forests is essential to support management strategies, especially where water is already scarce. Shifting climatological patterns are expected to impact thermopluviometric regimes, water cycle components, hydrological responses, and plant physiology, evapotranspiration rates, crop productivity and land management operations. This work (1) assessed the impacts of different predicted climate conditions on water yield; (2) inferred the impacts of climate change on biomass production on eucalypt-to-eucalypt succession. To this end, the widely accepted Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was run with the RCA, HIRHAM5 and RACMO climate models for two emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5). Three 12-year periods were considered to simulate tree growth under coppice regime. The results revealed an overall reduction in streamflow and water yield in the catchment in line with the projected reduction in total annual precipitation. Moreover, HIRHAM5 and RACMO models forecast a slight shift in seasonal streamflow of up to 2 months (for 2024–2048) in line with the projected increase in precipitation from May to September. For biomass production, the extreme climate model (RCA) and severe emission scenario (RCP 8.5) predicted a decrease up to 46%. However, in the less extreme and more-correlated (with actual catchment climate conditions) climate models (RACMO and HIRHAM5) and in the less extreme emission scenario (RCP 4.5), biomass production increased (up to 20%), and the growth cycle was slightly reduced. SWAT was proven to be a valuable tool to assess climate change impacts on a eucalypt-dominated catchment and is a suitable decision-support tool for forest managers.

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Acknowledgements

The authors (Dalila Serpa and Jan Jacob Keizer) would like to acknowledge the financial support of CESAM and WAFLE by FCT/ MCTES, through national funds. Dalila Serpa was funded by national funds (OE) through FCT, I.P., in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, of July 19.

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  1. RAIZ-Forest and Paper Research Institute, Quinta de S. Francisco, Rua José Estevão, (EN 230-1), 3800–783, Eixo, Aveiro, Portugal

    João Rocha, Ana Quintela & Sérgio Fabres

  2. Department of Environment and Planning, Centre of Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810–193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Dalila Serpa & Jan Jacob Keizer

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  1. João Rocha
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Project funding: This study was particilly (Dalila Serpa;Jan Jacob Keizer) supported by CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020 + UIDB/50017/2020 + LA/P/0094/2020) by FCT/ MCTES, through national funds,and the project WAFLE (PTDC/ASP-SIL/31573/2017) funded by FEDER, through COMPETE2020–Programa OperacionalCompetitividade e Internacionalização (POCI), and by national funds (OE), through FCT/MCTES.

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Rocha, J., Quintela, A., Serpa, D. et al. Water yield and biomass production for on a eucalypt-dominated Mediterranean catchment under different climate scenarios. J. For. Res. 34, 1263–1278 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-022-01590-2

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