Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

The Effect of CFRP Surface Treatment on the Splat Morphology and Coating Adhesion Strength

  • Peer Reviewed
  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Metallization of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites aggrandized their application to aircraft, automobile, and wind power industries. Recently, the metallization of CFRP surface using thermal spray technique, especially the cold spray, a solid state deposition technique, is a topic of research. However, a direct cold spray deposition on the CFRP substrate often imposes severe erosion on the surface owing to the high-impact energy of the sprayed particles. This urges the requirement of an interlayer on the CFRP surface. In the present study, the effect of surface treatment on the interlayer adhesion strength is evaluated. The CFRP samples were initially treated mechanically, chemically, and thermally and then an interlayer was developed by atmospheric plasma spray system. The quality of the coating is highly dependent on the splat taxonomy; therefore the present work also devoted to study the splat formation behavior using the splat-collection experiments, where the molten Cu particles impinged on the treated CFRP substrates. These results were correlated with the coating adhesion strength. The coating adhesion strength was measured by pull-out test. The results showed that the surface treatment, particularly the chemical treatment, was fairly successful in improving the adhesion strength.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. D.D.L. Chung, Carbon Fiber Composites, Butterworth-Heinemann, Newton, 1994, p 3-11

  2. D. Hull, An Introduction to Composite Materials, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1981, p 1-36

    Google Scholar 

  3. A. Ganesan, J. Affi, M. Yamada, and M. Fukumoto, Bonding Behavior Studies of Cold Sprayed Copper Coating on the PVC Polymer Substrate, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2012, 25, p 262-269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. V.K.S. Choo, Fundamentals of Composite Materials, Knowen Academic Press, Delaware, 1990, p 6-21

  5. L. Flandin, T. Prasse, R. Schulte, W. Bauhofer, and J.Y. Cavaile, Anomalous Percolation Transition in Carbon-Black-Epoxy Composite Materials, Phys. Rev. B, 1999, 59, p 349-355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. M.Q. Zhang, G. Yu, H.M. Zeng, H.B. Zhang, and Y.H. Hou, Two-Step Percolation in Polymer Blends Filled with Carbon Black, Macromolecules, 1998, 31, p 6724-6726

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. W. Zheng and S.C. Wong, Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of PMMA/Expanded Graphite Composites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2003, 63, p 225-235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. F.A. Fisher, J.A. Plumer, and R.A. Perala, Air-Craft Lightning Protection Handbook, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, 1989

  9. D.A. McPherson and R.K. Passman, Coatings on Fiber Reinforced Composites, US6982116 B1, 2000

  10. M. Fukumoto, I. Ohgitani, M. Shiiba, and T. Yasui, Effect of Substrate Surface Change by Heating on Transition in Flattening Behavior of Thermal Sprayed Particles, Mater. Trans., 2004, 45(6), p 1869-1873

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Fukumoto and Y. Huang, Flattening Mechanism in Thermal Sprayed Ni Particles Impinging on Flat Substrate Surface, J. Thermal Spray Technol., 1999, 8(3), p 427-432

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Chandra and P. Fauchais, Formation of Solid Splats During Thermal Spray Deposition, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2009, 18(2), p 148-180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. M. Ivosevic, R. Knight, S.R. Kalidindi, G.R. Palmese, and J.K. Sutter, Adhesive/Cohesive Properties of Thermally Sprayed Functionally Graded Coatings for Polymer Matrix Composite, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2004, 14(1), p 45-50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Affi, H. Okazaki, M. Yamada, and M. Fukumoto, Fabrication of Aluminum Coating onto CFRP Substrate by Cold Spray, Mater. Trans., 2011, 52(9), p 1759-1763

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. S.W. Ha, J. Mayer, B. Koch, and E. Wintermantel, Plasma-Sprayed Hydroxylapatite Coating on Carbon Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Materials, J. Mater. Sci., 1994, 5, p 481-484

    Google Scholar 

  16. G.G. Kim, J.A. Kang, J.H. Kim, S.J. Kim, N.H. Lee, and S.J. Kim, Metallization of Polymer Through a Novel Surface Modification Applying a Photocatalytic Reaction, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, 201(6), p 3761-3766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. O. Kesler, J. Matejicek, S. Sampath, S. Suresh, T.G. Herold, P.C. Brand, and H.J. Prask, Measurement of Residual Stress in Plasma-Sprayed Metallic, Ceramic and Composite Coatings, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1998, 257, p 215-224

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors greatly acknowledge financial support from the Aichi Prefecture Knowledge Hub Project, No. P1-G3-S2. The authors are grateful to Mitsubishi Rayon for supplying the CFRP composite materials. The authors also thank Prof. M. Hyland for several useful discussions. The authors are also acknowledging the support of Dr. Mohammed Shahien and Mr. Takahashi while performing the atmospheric plasma spray.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan

    Amirthan Ganesan, Motohiro Yamada & Masahiro Fukumoto

Authors
  1. Amirthan Ganesan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Motohiro Yamada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Masahiro Fukumoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amirthan Ganesan.

Additional information

This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2013 International Thermal Spray Conference, held May 13-15, 2013, in Busan, South Korea, and has been expanded from the original presentation.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ganesan, A., Yamada, M. & Fukumoto, M. The Effect of CFRP Surface Treatment on the Splat Morphology and Coating Adhesion Strength. J Therm Spray Tech 23, 236–244 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-013-0003-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-013-0003-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation