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Effect of Annealing on Microstructural and Tribological Properties of CoCrFeNiW0.3 + 5 at.% C High Entropy Alloy

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Abstract

This study investigates the effect of annealing on the microstructural evolution, phase formation and tribological properties of CoCrFeNiW0.3 + 5 at.% C alloy prepared using atmospheric plasma spray. The annealing has a significant effect on microstructure evolution and tribological properties. The microstructure of the CoCrFeNiW0.3 + 5 at.% C alloy exhibits the lamellar microstructure. When the annealing temperature reaches 900 °C, the carbon dissolves in the chromium and forms Cr-rich carbides phase. The coarsening of grey phases is observed with the evolution of W-rich, and Cr-rich carbides as the temperature attain 1200 °C. Phase analysis results revealed that CoCrFeNiW0.3 + 5 at.% C alloy coating comprising of FCC solid solution phase, with Cr- and W-rich phase. As the annealing temperature increases from 900 to 1200 °C, more Cr- and W-rich phase evolved. The surface morphology results indicate the increase in the surface roughness value post-heat-treatment. The dilution level investigation reveals the strong metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveal the formation of the oxidation state in detail. The average microhardness of the CoCrFeNiW0.3 + 5 at.% C alloy coating was found to be marginally decreased by increasing the annealing temperature, and the deposited coating microhardness was found to be 388.54 ± 14 HV0.2. The wear analysis test revealed a considerable decrease in wear resistance after heat treatment at 1200 °C. The wear volume rate of the as-deposited coating was found to be 7.88 × 10−5 mm3 N−1 m−1, and the coating annealed at 700, 900, and 1200 °C was 7.92 × 10−5, 8.02 × 10−5, 13.26 × 10−5 mm3 N−1 m−1, respectively.

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Acknowledgments

This study is funded by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) under project no. (ISRO/RES/3/844/19-20). The authors appreciate ISRO's sponsorship. The authors thank IIT Jammu's Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF) for providing the characterization facility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti, India

    Himanshu Kumar & S. Shiva

  2. Process Intensification and Nanoscale Advanced Materials Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti, India

    Gaurav A. Bhaduri

  3. Indian Space Research Organization Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri, Tirunelveli, India

    S. G. K. Manikandan

  4. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India

    M. Kamaraj

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  1. Himanshu Kumar
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Kumar, H., Bhaduri, G.A., Manikandan, S.G.K. et al. Effect of Annealing on Microstructural and Tribological Properties of CoCrFeNiW0.3 + 5 at.% C High Entropy Alloy. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 32, 6293–6306 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-07547-0

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