Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Very Hard Corrosion-Resistant Roll-Bonded Cr Coating on Mild Steel in Presence of Graphite

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The present work discusses the development of very hard Cr and Cr-carbide coating by roll bonding of Cr powder on a mild steel followed by annealing at 800, 1000, 1100 and 1200 °C with and without the presence of graphite powder packing in argon environment. In addition, the effect of a roll skin pass of 5% prior to the application of coating was studied. The presence of graphite allows diffusion of both carbon and Cr in the mild steel substrate, leading to the formation of Cr-carbide on the outer surface, making the surface very hard (VHN ~ 1800). Depending on the annealing temperature and processing condition, diffusion layer thickness of Cr is found to be in the range of 10-250 μm with Cr content of 12.5-15 wt.% across the diffusion layer. Excellent stable passivity of the coated surface is observed in 0.2 N H2SO4, which is comparable to a highly passivating 304 stainless steel, and very low corrosion rate of the coating is observed as compared to the substrate mild steel.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. C.A.C. Sequeira, A.M.G. Pacheco, and C.M.G.S. Nunes, Formation of Diffusion Coatings on Iron and Steel: 3 Aluminium, Chromium and Zinc Coatings, Surf. Eng., 1988, 4(1), p 65–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. V.E. Carter, Metallic Coatings for Corrosion Control: Corrosion Control Series, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2013

    Google Scholar 

  3. A.R. Castle and D.R. Gabe, Chromium Diffusion Coatings, Int. Mater. Rev., 1999, 44(2), p 37–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. P.S. Sidky and M.G. Hocking, Review of Inorganic Coatings and Coating Processes for Reducing Wear and Corrosion, Br. Corros. J., 1999, 34, p 171–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. F.A.P. Fernandes, S.C. Heck, C.A. Picon, G.E. Totten, and L.C. Casteletti, Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Pack Chromised Carbon Steel, Surf. Eng., 2012, 28(5), p 313–317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. P. Jayaweera, D.M. Lowe, A. Sanjurjo, K.H. Lau, and L. Jiang, Corrosion-Resistant Metallic Coatings on Low Carbon Steel, Surf. Coat. Technol., 1996, 86–87(6), p 522–525

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Popoola, O.E. Olorunniwo, and O.O. Ige, Corrosion resistance through the application of anti-corrosion coatings, Developments in Corrosion Protection, M. Aliofkhazraei, Ed., Intech, Pretoria, 2014, p 241–270

    Google Scholar 

  8. N. Priyantha, P. Jayaweera, A. Sanjurjo, K. Lau, F. Lu, and K. Krist, Corrosion-Resistant Metallic Coatings for Applications in Highly Aggressive Environments, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2003, 163–164, p 31–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. D.S. Rickerby and R.A.B. McCall, Corrosion Protective Coating for a Metallic Article and a Method of Applying a Corrosion Protective Coating to a Metallic Article. US patent, 6,565,931, 20 May 2003

  10. S. Jahanmir, E.P. Abrahamson, and N.P. Suh, Sliding Wear Resistance of Metallic Coated Surfaces, Wear, 1976, 40(1), p 75–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. M.S. Priyan and P. Hariharan, Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Fe Based Coatings by HVOF Sprayed on Gray Cast-Iron for Automotive Application, Tribol. Ind., 2014, 36(4), p 394–405

    Google Scholar 

  12. W. Hanni and H.E. Hintermann, Chemical Vapour Deposition of Chromium, Solid Films, 1977, 40, p 107–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Choy, Chemical Vapour Deposition of Coatings, Prog. Mater Sci., 2003, 48(2), p 57–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. H.O. Pierson, Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition: Principles, Technology and Applications, 2nd ed., William Andrew, London, 1999

    Google Scholar 

  15. J.L. Mazzochi, Chrome Plating Process. US patent, 5,401,379, 28 March 1995

  16. M. Schlesinger and M. Paunovic, Ed., Modern Electroplating, Wiley, New York, 2011

    Google Scholar 

  17. M.H.A. Malek, N.H. Saad, S.K. Abas, N.N. Roselina, and N.M. Shah, Performance and Microstructure Analysis of 99.5% Aluminium Coating by Thermal Arc Spray Technique, Procedia Eng., 2013, 68, p 558–565

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. A.R. Marder, The Metallurgy of Zinc-Coated Steel, Prog. Mater Sci., 2000, 45(3), p 191–271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. B. Tolaminejad and H. Arabi, A sTudy of Roll-Bonding MS90 Alloy to Steel Utilizing Chromized Interlayer, Iran. J. Sci. Technol. Trans. B Eng., 2008, 32(6), p 631–640

    Google Scholar 

  20. R.C. Agarwala and V. Agarwala, Electroless Alloy/Composite Coatings: A Review, Sadhana, 2003, 28(3), p 475–493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. I.A. Menzies and D. Mortimer, Observatiońs on the Chromizing of Iron and Plain Carbon Steels, Corros. Sci., 1965, 5(8), p 539–558

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. I.A. Menzies and D. Mortimer, The Oxidation of Chromium Diffusion Coatings on Iron: Chromium Volatility and Experimental Techniques, Corros. Sci., 1966, 6, p 517–539

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. A.R. Castle and D.R. Gabe, Structural Characteristics of M23C6 Formed in Chromised Coatings on 11% Cr Steels, Mater. Sci. Technol., 2000, 16(9), p 1057–1066

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. F.C. Kelley, Surface Alloyed Metal. US patent, 1,365,499, 11 January 1921

  25. H.C.P. Weber, Process of Producing Metal Substances. US patent, 1,373,038, 29 March 1921

  26. E.H. Mayer and R.M. Willison, Formation of Chromium Containing Coatings on Steel Strip. US patent, 3,312,546, 4 April 1967

  27. C.A. Vessey, Chromium Alloy Coated Ferrous Metal Products. US patent, 3,834,880, 10 September 1974

  28. S. Khara, S. Choudhary, S. Sangal, and K. Mondal, Corrosion Resistant Cr-Coating on Mild Steel by Powder Roll Bonding, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 296, p 203–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. I.N. Kidin, G.V. Shcherbedinskii, V.I. Andryushechkin, and V.A. Volkov, Effect of Preliminary Cold Plastic Deformation on Carbon Diffusion in Austenite, Met. Sci. Heat Treat., 1971, 13(12), p 1021–1023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. N.H. Heo, H.D. Kim, K.T. Kim, J.K. Lee, and Y.C. Jung, Method for Preventing Carbon Steel from Intergranular Cracking. US patent, 201/00043926 A1, 2010

  31. R.A. Al-Samarai, K.R.A. Haftirman, and Y. Al-Douri, The Influence of Roughness on the Wear and Friction Coefficient Under Dry and Lubricated Sliding, Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., 2012, 2(3), p 2229–5518

    Google Scholar 

  32. J. Cheng, X. Liang, B. Xu, and Y. Wu, Formation and Properties of Fe-Based Amorphous/Nanocrystalline Alloy Coating Prepared by Wire Arc Spraying Process, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2009, 355, p 1673–1678

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Y. Li, Y. Gao, B. Xiao, T. Min, Y. Yang, S. Ma, and D. Yi, The Electronic, Mechanical Properties and Theoretical Hardness of Chromium Carbides by First-Principles Calculations, J. Alloys Compd., 2011, 509(17), p 5242–5249

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India

    Pankaj Kumar, S. Khara, S. Shekhar & K. Mondal

Authors
  1. Pankaj Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. Khara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Shekhar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K. Mondal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Shekhar.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kumar, P., Khara, S., Shekhar, S. et al. Very Hard Corrosion-Resistant Roll-Bonded Cr Coating on Mild Steel in Presence of Graphite. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 26, 5885–5896 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-3050-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-3050-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation