Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Initiation of Stress Corrosion Cracks in X80 and X100 Pipe Steels in Near-Neutral pH Environment

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 28 June 2016

Abstract

Tests were conducted on X80 and X100 pipe steels at 95% specified minimum yield stress in NS4 solution mixed with soil using specimens machined along the transverse direction of the pipes. Crack initiation in X100 is much easier than in X80. With test time increasing from 110 to 220 days, less numerous but deeper cracks were found in both pipe steels. Cracks showed higher growth rates in the transverse specimens than those in longitudinal ones. TEM results revealed concentration of Ni or Cr elements, formation of oxide layer at crack walls, and TiN-related dissolution at the crack tip.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. B.A. Harle and J.A. Beavers, Low-pH stress corrosion crack propagation in API, X-65 line pipe steel, Corrosion, 1993, 49, p 861–863

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. National Energy Board. Report of public inquiry concerning stress corrosion cracking on Canadian oil and gas pipelines. Report number: MH-2-95 (Calgary, AB, Canada, 1996)

  3. W. Zheng, D. Bibby, J. Li, J.T. Bowker, J.A. Gianetto, R.W. Revie, G. Williams, Near-neutral pH SCC of two line pipe steels under quasi-static stressing conditions, in Proceedings of International Pipeline Conference. (Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 2006) Paper # IPC2006-10084

  4. Y.Z. Jia, J.Q. Wang, E.H. Han, and W. Ke, Stress corrosion cracking of X80 pipeline steel in near-neutral pH environment under constant load tests with and without preload, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2011, 27(11), p 1039–1046

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. J.Y. Yoo, S.S. Ahn, D.H. Seo, W.H. Song, and K.B. Kang, New development of high grade X80 to X120 pipeline steels, Mater. Manuf. Processes, 2011, 26, p 154–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. W. Zheng, Stress corrosion cracking of oil and gas pipelines in near neutral pH environment review of recent research, Energy Mater., 2008, 3(4), p 220–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. W. Zheng, R.W. Revie, W.R. Tyson, G. Shen, F.A. Macleod, Effect of pressure fluctuation on the growth of stress corrosion cracks in an X-52 linepipe steel, in 8th International Conference on Pressure Vessel Technology, ICPVT-8 (ASME, New York, 1996), p. 321–326

  8. W. Zheng, R.W. Revie, F.A. Macleod, O. Dinardo, D. Kiff, J. McKinnon, Low pH SCC: Environmental effects on crack propagation. PRCI Contract No. PR-230-9413, Final Report, July 1998.

  9. W. Zheng, W.R. Tyson, G. Shen, R.W. Revie, G. Williams, and D. Bibby, Effects of operating practices on crack dormancy and growth, GRI-04/0121, GRI, Des Plaines, 2005

    Google Scholar 

  10. B.Y. Fang, E.H. Han, J.Q. Wang, and W. Ke, Stress corrosion cracking of X-70 pipeline steel in near neutral pH solution subjected to constant load and cyclic load testing, Corros. Eng., Sci. Technol., 2007, 42(2), p 123–129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. W. Zheng, D. Bibby, J. Li, G. Williams, W. Revie, B. Tyson, Stress corrosion cracking of oil and gas pipelines: new insights on crack growth behavior gained from full-scale and small scale tests, in Proceedings 12th International Conference on Fracture 2009, ICF-12, Ottawa, July 12–17, 2009

  12. T. Kushida, H. Asahi, T. Muraki, Y. Yamane, M. Kimura, S. Endo, H. Kawano, Stress-corrosion cracking of high-strength linepipe steels, in Proceedings of Pipe Dreamer’s Conference, Yokohama, Japan, November 7–8, 2002 (Scientific Surveys Ltd, Beaconsfield, UK, 2002)

  13. B.T. Lu and J.L. Luo, Relationship between yield strength and near-neutral pH stress corrosion cracking resistance of pipeline steels—an effect of microstructure, Corrosion, 2006, 62(2), p 129–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Y.Z. Wang, R.W. Revie, R.N. Parkins, Mechanical aspects of stress corrosion crack initiation and early propagation. NACE 1999, Paper No. 0143 (Houston, TX, 1999)

  15. J.A. Beavers, B.A. Harle, Mechanisms of high pH and near neutral pH SCC of underground pipelines, in Proceedings of International Pipeline Conference [Calgary (ASME IPC1996), Alberta, Canada, 1996], pp. 555–564.

  16. R.B. Rebak, Z. Xia, and R. Safruddin, Effect of solution composition and electrochemical potential on stress corrosion cracking of X-52 pipeline steel, Corrosion, 1996, 52, p 396–405

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. N. SanchezMourino, R. Petrov, J.-H. Bae, K. Kim, and L.A.I. Kestens, Texture dependent mechanical anisotropy of X80 pipeline steel, Adv. Eng. Mater., 2010, 12(10), p 973–980

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. W. Chen, S.-H. Wang, R. Chu, F. King, T.R. Jack, and R.R. Fessler, Effect of precyclic loading on stress-corrosion-cracking initiation in an X-65 pipeline steel exposed to near-neutral pH soil environment, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2003, 34(11), p 2601–2608

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The support of the Canadian Federal Interdepartmental Program of Energy R&D (PERD) and the funding from CanmetMATERIALS are gratefully acknowledged. Pei Liu, Catherine Bibby, Renata Zavadil, and Jie Liang are thanked for help on various aspects of the experimental work. Discussion with Dr. Yan Li, Dr. Mimoun Elboujdaini, and Mr. Jim Gianetto is gratefully acknowledged. Emile Cottier and Antoine Boudon from ENISE, France, helped in SEM survey of SCC during their internship at CanmetMATERIALS.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CanmetMATERIALS, Natural Resources Canada, 183 Longwood Road South, Hamilton, ON, L8P 0A5, Canada

    Jidong Kang, Wenyue Zheng, Darren Bibby, Babak Shalchi Amirkhiz & Jian Li

Authors
  1. Jidong Kang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Wenyue Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Darren Bibby
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Babak Shalchi Amirkhiz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jian Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jidong Kang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kang, J., Zheng, W., Bibby, D. et al. Initiation of Stress Corrosion Cracks in X80 and X100 Pipe Steels in Near-Neutral pH Environment. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 25, 227–240 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-015-1822-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-015-1822-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation