Abstract
The conductivity of screen printing films at microwave frequency is one of the most important properties of conductive ink when applied in printed electronics. However, the existing methods of conductivity characterization at microwave frequency focus on homogeneous metal films or semiconductors, which are not suitable for conductive composite materials with poor thickness uniformity, like screen printing films. In this research, by applying a classic stripline ring resonator, a rigorous electromagnetic model was set up, and the conductivity of the screen printing film was able to be deduced by comparison between the measurement and simulation results. As a result, the equivalent conductivity of the film is 2 × 106 S/m at 1–3 GHz, which is a little higher than its average direct current conductivity of 1.82 × 106 S/m. This method has been proved to be feasible in measuring the conductivity of screen printing films at microwave frequency. Furthermore, it has great potential in the characterization of other printed conductive composite materials on rough surfaces, like textiles.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. Venkata Krishna Rao, K. Venkata Abhinav, P.S. Karthik, and S. Prakash Singh, RSC Adv. 5, 95 (2015).
A. Mohammed and M. Pecht, Appl. Phys. Lett. 109, 18 (2016).
Q. Huang and Y. Zhu, Adv. Mater. Technol. 4, 5 (2019).
S. Merilampi, T. Laine-Ma, and P. Ruuskanen, Microelectron. Reliab. 49, 7 (2009).
I. Kazani, C. Hertleer, G. De Mey, A. Schwarz, G. Guxho, and L. Van Langenhove, Fibres. Text. East. Eur. 20, 1 (2012).
X. Nie, H. Wang, and Z. Jing, Appl. Surf. Sci. 261, 554 (2012).
J. Ding, J. Liu, Q. Tian, W. Zhaohui, W. Yao, Z. Dai, L. Liu, and W. Wei, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 11, 1 (2016).
H. Xu, X. Tang, H. Sun, and H. Zhao, in 18th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (2017), pp. 1470–1473.
F.-F. Li, Y. Poo, and R.-X. Wu, in International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT) (2018), p. 27.
L.-T. Hwang and I. Turlik, IEEE Trans. Compon., Packag. Manuf. Technol. 15, 1 (1992).
A.A. Zadorozhko, Y. Monarkha, and D. Konstantinov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 4 (2018).
M. Walther, D.G. Cooke, C. Sherstan, M. Hajar, M.R. Freeman, and F.A. Hegmann, Phys. Rev. B 76, 12 (2007).
H.J. Joyce, J.L. Boland, C.L. Davies, S.A. Baig, and M.B. Johnston, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 31, 10 (2016).
K. Baba, S. Tsunekawa, T. Fukuda, and T. Takagi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, 8R (1993).
M. Shahpari, Electronics 8, 21 (2019).
Y. Poo, W. Rui-Xin, X. Fan, and J.Q. Xiao, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81, 6 (2010).
J.S. Gómez-Díaz, J. Perruisseau-Carrier, P. Sharma, and A. Ionescu, J. Appl. Phys. 111, 11 (2012).
T. Zychowicz, J. Krupka, and J. Mazierska, in Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (2006), pp. 572–574.
K. Jerzy, S. Wlodek, and K. Norbert, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 11, 4 (2011).
J. Krupka, D. Nguyen, and J. Mazierska, Meas. Sci. Technol. 22, 8 (2011).
J. Krupka, Meas. Sci. Technol. 24, 6 (2013).
Z. Buczko and J. Krupka, Trans. IMF 86, 5 (2013).
K. Chang, Microwave Ring Circuits and Antennas (New York: Wiley, 1996), pp. 6–7.
A. Rashidian, M.T. Aligodarz, and M.T. Klymyshyn, IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 19, 4 (2012).
A. Kulkarni and V. Deshmukh, Int. J. Sci. Res. 4, 4 (2015).
Y.S. Wu and F.J. Rosenbaum, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Technol. 21, 7 (1973).
S.G. Pintzos and R. Pregla, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Technol. 26, 10 (1978).
A. Vitas, V. Vita, G.E. Chatzarakis, and L. Ekonomou, in Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS International Conference on Telecommunications and Informatics (2014), pp. 227–231.
L. Yang, A. Rida, R. Vyas, and M.M. Tentzeris, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Technol. 55, 12 (2007).
M.T. Sebastian, Dielectric Materials for Wireless Communication (Georgia: Elsevier, 2008), pp. 17–41.
J-M Heinola, K-P Latti, J-P Strom, M. Kettunen and P. Silventoinen, in Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena (2004), pp. 692–695.
B.S. Cook and A. Shamim, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 60, 9 (2012).
S.B. Cohn, IRE IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Technol. 3, 2 (1955).
Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51405079), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. CUSF-DH-D-2018029) and Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (No. 20ZR1400500).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tu, H., Hu, J. & Ding, X. Measurement of the Conductivity of Screen Printing Films at Microwave Frequency Employing Resonant Method. J. Electron. Mater. 50, 521–527 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08594-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08594-w