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Deposition of Methylammonium Lead Triiodide by Resonant Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation

  • Topical Collection: 59th Electronic Materials Conference 2017
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Abstract

Resonant infrared matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (RIR-MAPLE) was used to deposit the metal-halide perovskite (MHP) CH3NH3PbI3 (methylammonium lead triiodide, or MAPbI), creating phase-pure films. Given the moisture sensitivity of these crystalline, multi-component organic–inorganic hybrid materials, deposition of MAPbI by RIR-MAPLE required a departure from the use of water-based emulsions as deposition targets. Different chemistries were explored to create targets that properly dissolved MAPbI components, were stable under vacuum conditions, and enabled resonant laser energy absorption. Secondary phases and solvent contamination in the resulting films were studied through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorbance and x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, suggesting that lingering excess methylammonium iodide (MAI) and low-vapor pressure solvents can distort the microstructure, creating crystalline and amorphous non-perovskite phases. Thermal annealing of films deposited by RIR-MAPLE allowed for excess solvent to be evaporated from films without degrading the MAPbI structure. Further, it was demonstrated that RIR-MAPLE does not require excess MAI to create stoichiometric films with optoelectronic properties, crystal structure, and film morphology comparable to films created using more established spin-coating methods for processing MHPs. This work marks the first time a MAPLE-related technique was used to deposit MHPs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, Research Triangle MRSEC (DMR-1121107). We would like to acknowledge the contributions of Wangyao Ge, Yuankai Liu, and Chenqi Zhao from the Stiff-Roberts group at Duke University in developing the RIR-MAPLE methods described within this work.

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Author notes

  1. E. Tomas Barraza and Wiley A. Dunlap-Shohl have contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA

    E. Tomas Barraza & Adrienne D. Stiff-Roberts

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA

    Wiley A. Dunlap-Shohl & David B. Mitzi

  3. Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA

    David B. Mitzi

Authors
  1. E. Tomas Barraza
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  2. Wiley A. Dunlap-Shohl
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  3. David B. Mitzi
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  4. Adrienne D. Stiff-Roberts
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Correspondence to Adrienne D. Stiff-Roberts.

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Barraza, E.T., Dunlap-Shohl, W.A., Mitzi, D.B. et al. Deposition of Methylammonium Lead Triiodide by Resonant Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation. J. Electron. Mater. 47, 917–926 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-017-5814-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-017-5814-0

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