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Improving High-Temperature Tensile and Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloys Through Micro-additions of Ti, V, and Zr

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Abstract

High-temperature tensile and low-cycle fatigue tests were performed to assess the influence of micro-additions of Ti, V, and Zr on the improvement of the Al-7Si-1Cu-0.5Mg (wt pct) alloy in the as-cast condition. Addition of transition metals led to modification of microstructure where in addition to conventional phases present in the Al-7Si-1Cu-0.5Mg base, new thermally stable micro-sized Zr-Ti-V-rich phases Al21.4Si4.1Ti3.5VZr3.9, Al6.7Si1.2TiZr1.8, Al2.8Si3.8V1.6Zr, and Al5.1Si35.4Ti1.6Zr5.7Fe were formed. The tensile tests showed that with increasing test temperature from 298 K to 673 K (25 °C to 400 °C), the yield stress and tensile strength of the present studied alloy decreased from 161 to 84 MPa and from 261 to 102 MPa, respectively. Also, the studied alloy exhibited 18, 12, and 5 pct higher tensile strength than the alloy A356, 354 and existing Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy modified with additions of Zr, Ti, and Ni, respectively. The fatigue life of the studied alloy was substantially longer than those of the reference alloys A356 and the same Al-7Si-1Cu-0.5Mg base with minor additions of V, Zr, and Ti in the T6 condition. Fractographic analysis after tensile tests revealed that at the lower temperature up to 473 K (200 °C), the cleavage-type brittle fracture for the precipitates and ductile fracture for the matrix were dominant while at higher temperature fully ductile-type fracture with debonding and pull-out of cracked particles was identified. It is believed that the intermetallic precipitates containing Zr, Ti, and V improve the alloy performance at increased temperatures.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the ecoENERGY Innovation Initiative ecoEII of Natural Resources Canada at CanmetMATERIALS. One of the authors (D.L. Chen) is grateful for the financial support by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), PREA, NSERC-DAS Award, CFI, and RRC program. The authors would also like to thank Q. Li, A. Machin, J. Amankrah, and R. Churaman for their assistance in the experiments. The authors also thank Professor S. Bhole for the helpful discussion as well as P. Newcombe, G. Birsan, H. Webster, D. McFarlan, F. Benkel, M. Thomas, and D. Saleh from CanmetMATERIALS for casting experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada

    S. K. Shaha (Ph.D. Student), J. Friedman (Professor) & D. L. Chen (Professor)

  2. CanmetMATERIALS/CanmetMATÉRIAUX, Natural Resourses Canada, 183 Longwood Road South, Hamilton, ON, L8P 0A5, Canada

    F. Czerwinski (Group Leader, Research Scientist) & W. Kasprzak (Director of Operations)

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  1. S. K. Shaha
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Correspondence to F. Czerwinski.

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©Published with permission of Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada pertains to F. Czerwinski and W. Kasprzak.

Manuscript submitted December 22, 2014.

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Shaha, S.K., Czerwinski, F., Kasprzak, W. et al. Improving High-Temperature Tensile and Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloys Through Micro-additions of Ti, V, and Zr. Metall Mater Trans A 46, 3063–3078 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-2880-x

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