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Influence of Warm Tempforming on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in an Ultrahigh-Strength Medium-Carbon Low-Alloy Steel

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Abstract

A 0.4 pct C-2 pct Si-1 pct Cr-1 pct Mo steel was quenched and tempered at 773 K (500 °C) and deformed by multi-pass caliber rolling (i.e., warm tempforming). The microstructures and the mechanical properties of the warm tempformed steels were investigated as a function of the rolling reduction. At rolling reductions of more than 28 pct, not only extension of the martensite blocks and/or the packets in the rolling direction (RD) but also a grain subdivision became more significant, and an ultrafine elongated grain (UFEG) structure with a strong 〈110〉//RD fiber deformation texture was formed after 78 pct rolling. The tensile deformation behavior became significantly anisotropic in response to the evolution of UFEG structure. The longitudinal yield strength (σy) of the quenched and tempered sample increased from 1480 to 1860 MPa through the 78 pct rolling, while the transverse σy leveled off at around 1600 MPa up to 28 pct rolling. The transverse true fracture stress was also markedly degraded in contrast to the longitudinal one. Charpy impact properties were enhanced at a rolling reduction of 52 pct or more. The 52 pct-rolled sample underwent a ductile-to-brittle transition in the temperature range from 333 K to 213 K (60 °C to −60 °C), while the 78 pct-rolled sample showed an inverse temperature dependence of the impact toughness because of brittle delamination. The tensile and Charpy impact properties are discussed in association with the microstructural evolution.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mr. Kuroda and Mr. Taniuchi for materials processing with caliber-rolling and Ms. Hirota for her help with the microstructural observation. We also gratefully acknowledge Drs. Nie and Yin for their quantitative XRD analysis. The study was partly supported by KAKENHI 21560763 and partly supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) under Collaborative Research Based on Industrial Demand “Heterogeneous Structure Control: Towards Innovative Development of Metallic Structural Materials”.

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  1. National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan

    Yuuji Kimura (Senior Researcher) & Tadanobu Inoue (Senior Researcher)

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  1. Yuuji Kimura
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  2. Tadanobu Inoue
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Correspondence to Yuuji Kimura.

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Manuscript submitted May 25, 2012.

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Kimura, Y., Inoue, T. Influence of Warm Tempforming on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in an Ultrahigh-Strength Medium-Carbon Low-Alloy Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 44, 560–576 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1391-2

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