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Ultrafine Structure and High Strength in Cold-Rolled Martensite

  • Symposium: Deformation and Transitions at Grain Boundaries
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Abstract

Structural refinement by cold rolling (10 to 80 pct reductions) of interstitial free (IF) steel containing Mn and B has been investigated from samples with different initial structures: (a) lath martensite, (b) coarse ferrite (grain size 150 μm), and (c) fine ferrite (22 μm). Unalloyed IF steel with a coarse grain size (120 μm) has also included based on a previous study. Deformation microstructures and structural parameters have been analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction, and mechanical properties have been characterized by hardness and tensile testing. At low to medium strains, lath martensite transforms into a cell block structure composed of cell block boundaries and cell boundaries with only a negligible change in strength. At medium to large strains, cell block structures in all samples refine with increasing strain and the hardening rate is constant (stage IV). A strong effect of the initial structure is observed on both the structural refinement and the strength increase. This effect is largest in lath martensite and smallest in unalloyed ferrite. No saturation in structural refinement and strength is observed. The discussion covers the transformation of lath martensite into a cell block structure at low to medium strains where the driving force is suggested to be a decrease in the dislocation line energy. Medium to large strain-hardening mechanisms are discussed together with structure-strength relationships assuming additive stress contributions from dislocations, boundaries, and elements in solid solution. Good agreement is found between flow stress predictions and stress values observed experimentally both in the initial undeformed martensite and in deformed samples.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the Danish National Research Foundation for supporting the Danish-Chinese Center for Nanometals, within which part of the present work was performed. S.M. thanks the Center for Integrated Research in Science, Shimane University, for the permission to use the TEM.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Wind Energy, Danish-Chinese Center for Nanometals, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark

    X. Huang (Senior Scientist) & N. Hansen (Senior Scientist)

  2. Department of Materials Science, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan

    S. Morito (Associate Professor)

  3. Nippon Steel Corporation, Futtsu, Chiba, 293-8511, Japan

    T. Maki (Executive Advisor)

Authors
  1. X. Huang
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  2. S. Morito
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  3. N. Hansen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to X. Huang.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted February 3, 2012.

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Huang, X., Morito, S., Hansen, N. et al. Ultrafine Structure and High Strength in Cold-Rolled Martensite. Metall Mater Trans A 43, 3517–3531 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1275-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1275-5

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