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Nierenbiopsie: Indikation und Durchführung

Indication and procedures in kidney biopsy

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Der Nephrologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die Nierenbiopsie stellt sowohl in der klinischen Nephrologie als auch in der Transplantationsnephrologie die zentrale diagnostische Methode dar. Sie dient zur Sicherung einer definitiven, histologischen Diagnose. Zum anderen ist die feingewebliche Evaluation von Nierengewebe zur Abschätzung der renalen Prognose bei chronischen Nierenerkrankungen, zur Überwachung der Krankheitsaktivität akuter entzündlicher Erkrankungen sowie zur Festlegung einer differenzierten Therapie verschiedener Autoimmunerkrankungen erforderlich. Funktionsverschlechterungen von Nierentransplantaten können sowohl im Akutstadium als auch im Langzeitverlauf am sichersten histologisch diagnostiziert und klassifiziert werden. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist eine Beschreibung von Voraussetzungen, vorbereitenden Maßnahmen, Indikationen und Kontraindikationen.

Abstract

Renal biopsy is the central diagnostic procedure in clinical nephrology as well as after kidney transplantation. Beside of making a definite histological diagnosis, renal biopsy serves as a safe method to assess the prognosis in chronic kidney disease, to observe disease activity in inflammatory kidney diseases and to give parameters for the decision for immunosuppressive therapy. In renal transplantation, kidney biopsy is used to diagnose acute and chronic deterioration of renal function. In this review, we discuss preparation, indication, contraindication and biopsy technique of this procedure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klink für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland

    J. Gerth & G. Wolf

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  1. J. Gerth
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  2. G. Wolf
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Correspondence to J. Gerth.

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Gerth, J., Wolf, G. Nierenbiopsie: Indikation und Durchführung. Nephrologe 3, 169–177 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11560-008-0165-8

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