Abstract
Degradation, detoxification, or removal of the omnipresent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the ecosphere as well as their prevention from entering into food chain has never appeared simple. In this context, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable solutions like microbe-mediated strategies have been adopted worldwide. With this connection, measures have been taken by multifarious modes of microbial remedial strategies, i.e., enzymatic degradation, biofilm and biosurfactant production, application of biochar-immobilized microbes, lactic acid bacteria, rhizospheric-phyllospheric-endophytic microorganisms, genetically engineered microorganisms, and bioelectrochemical techniques like microbial fuel cell. In this review, a nine-way directional approach which is based on the microbial resources reported over the last couple of decades has been described. Fungi were found to be the most dominant taxa among the CPAH-degrading microbial community constituting 52.2%, while bacteria, algae, and yeasts occupied 37.4%, 9.1%, and 1.3%, respectively. In addition to these, category-wise CPAH degrading efficiencies of each microbial taxon, consortium-based applications, CPAH degradation–related molecular tools, and factors affecting CPAH degradation are the other important aspects of this review in light of their appropriate selection and application in the PAH-contaminated environment for better human-health management in order to achieve a sustainable ecosystem.
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Funding
This work has been done under the project funded by the Department of Biotechnology, India, under the DBT Twinning Project [No. BT/PR25738/NER/95/1329/2017 dated December 24, 2018]. Sandipan Banerjee and Nitu Gupta are financially supported by the Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India [DBT Twinning Project (No. BT/PR25738/NER/95/1329/2017)]. Richik GhoshThakur is financially supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India [DST/TMD/MI/OMGI/ 2018/14].
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Sandipan Banerjee (SB): conceptualization, methodology, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, software, visualization roles/writing original draft, writing review and editing. Nitu Gupta (NG): data curation, formal analysis, roles/writing—original draft, writing review and editing. Krishnendu Pramanik (KP): data curation, formal analysis, roles/writing- original draft, writing review and editing. Manash Gope (MG): roles/writing—original draft, writing review and editing. Richik GhoshThakur (RGT): data curation, software and formal analysis. Animesh Karmakar (AK): software, formal analysis. Nayanmoni Gogoi (NMG): writing review and editing, project administration. Raza Rafiqul Hoque (RRH): conceptualization, methodology, validation, supervision, writing review and editing, project administration. Narayan Chandra Mandal (NCM): conceptualization, methodology, project administration, validation, supervision, writing review and editing. Srinivasan Balachandran (SNB): conceptualization, methodology, validation, supervision, writing review and editing, project administration.
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Highlights
• Microbial strategies for carcinogenic PAH remediation
• Individual and consortia effects of microbial communities in CPAH degradation
• Abundance of CPAH degraders: fungi (52.2%) > bacteria (37.4%) > algae (9.1%) > yeasts (1.3%)
• Factors affecting CPAH remediation
• Reduced bioaccumulation and biomagnification of CPAHs in the food chain via microbial remediation strategies
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Banerjee, S., Gupta, N., Pramanik, K. et al. Microbes and microbial strategies in carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons remediation: a systematic review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 1811–1840 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31140-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31140-0