Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Exploring the Intertwined Nexus between Globalization, Energy Usage, Economic Complexity, and Environmental Quality in Emerging Asian Economies: A Pathway Towards a Greener Future

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study aims to examine the relationship between carbon emissions and ecological footprints with economic complexity, core pollution indicators, urbanization, globalization, and renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in eight emerging Asian economies from 1971 to 2020. A panel data framework that considers cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity was used for analysis. The Pedroni and Johnsen Fisher cointegration showed that carbon emission, ecological footprint, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic complexity, globalization, and urbanization confirmed the presence of cointegration. Moreover, fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DLOS) indicated that globalization, non-renewable energy consumption, and economic complexity increase emission and ecological footprint in the long run, whereas renewable energy generated through biomass, solar, and wind decreases environmental degradation. Furthermore, urbanization also negatively affects the environment. From a policy perspective, policymakers in these countries may manage their natural resources efficiently by escalating the share of renewables in total energy production, offering tax holidays, incentives and encouraging companies to install clean energy plant, and providing support to research and development-oriented companies to engage in research activities to reduce the cost of production of renewable energy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Source: author’s own contribution

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data will be provided upon request.

Abbreviations

ECI :

Ecological foot print index

CO2 :

Carbon emission

FMLOS :

Fully modified ordinary least squares

DLOS :

Dynamic ordinary least squares

GDP :

Gross domestic product

NREC :

Non-renewable energy consumption

REC :

Renewable energy consumption

Ln :

Natural log

References

  • Adebayo TS, Kirikkaleli D (2021) Impact of renewable energy consumption, globalization, and technological innovation on environmental degradation in Japan: application of wavelet tools. Environ Dev Sustain 23(11):16057–16082. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01322-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adeola O, Evans O (2017) Financial inclusion, financial development, and economic diversification in Nigeria. J Dev Areas 51(3):1–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahmad A, Zhao Y, Shahbaz M, Bano S, Zhang Z, Wang S, Liu Y (2016) Carbon emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth: an aggregate and disaggregate analysis of the Indian economy. Energy Policy 96:131–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.05.032

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed C, Mohammed A, Saboonchi A (2020) ArcGIS mapping, characterizations and modelling the physical and mechanical properties of the Sulaimani City soils, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Geomech Geoeng 1–14

  • Ahmed MM, Shimada K (2019) The effect of renewable energy consumption on sustainable economic development: evidence from emerging and developing economies. Energies 12(15):2954

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Mulali U, Ozturk I, Lean HH (2016) The influence of economic growth, urbanization, trade openness, financial development, and renewable energy on pollution in Europe. Nat Hazards 79(1):621–644

    Google Scholar 

  • Ali G, Pumijumnong N, Cui S (2017) Decarbonization action plans using hybrid modeling for a low-carbon society: the case of Bangkok Metropolitan Area. J Clean Prod 168:940–951

    Google Scholar 

  • Ali A, Kamarulzaman R, Soetrisno FK, Razimi MSA (2020a) Wavelet analysis of renewable, non-renewable energy consumption and environmental degradation as a precursor to economic Growth: evidence from Malaysia. Int J Energy Econ Policy 10(3):182

    Google Scholar 

  • Ali HS, Nathaniel SP, Uzuner G, Bekun FV, Sarkodie SA (2020b) Trivariate modelling of the nexus between electricity consumption, urbanization and economic growth in Nigeria: fresh insights from Maki Cointegration and causality tests. Heliyon 6(2):e03400

    Google Scholar 

  • Alola AA, Bekun FV, Sarkodie SA (2019) Dynamic impact of trade policy, economic growth, fertility rate, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on ecological footprint in Europe. Sci Total Environ 685:702–709

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alper A, Oguz O (2016) The role of renewable energy consumption in economic growth: evidence from asymmetric causality. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 60:953–959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ang JB (2008) A survey of recent developments in the literature of finance and growth. J Econ Surv 22(3):536–576

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansari MA, Haider S, Khan N (2020) Environmental Kuznets curve revisited: an analysis using ecological and material footprint. Ecol Ind 115:106416

    Google Scholar 

  • Apergis N, Ozturk I (2015) Testing environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Asian countries. Ecol Ind 52:16–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Apergis N, Christou C, Gupta R (2017) Are there environmental Kuznets curves for US state-level CO2 emissions? Renew Sustain Energy Rev 69(October 2015):551–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arain H, Sharif A, Akbar B, Younis MY (2020) Dynamic connection between inward foreign direct investment, renewable energy, economic growth and carbon emission in China: evidence from partial and multiple wavelet coherence. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27(32):40456–40474

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aslan A, Destek MA, Okumus I (2018) Bootstrap rolling window estimation approach to analysis of the environment Kuznets curve hypothesis: evidence from the USA. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(3):2402–2408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0548-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aye GC, Edoja PE (2017) Effect of economic growth on CO2 emission in developing countries: evidence from a dynamic panel threshold model. Cogent Econ Finance 5(1):1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2017.1379239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azizalrahman H (2019) A model for urban sector drivers of carbon emissions. Sustain Cities Soc 44:46–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Balsalobre-Lorente D, Shahbaz M, Roubaud D, Farhani S (2018) How economic growth, renewable electricity and natural resources contribute to CO2 emissions? Energy Policy 113:356–367

    Google Scholar 

  • Balsalobre-Lorente D, Driha OM, Sinha A (2020) The dynamic effects of globalization process in analysing N-shaped tourism led growth hypothesis. J Hosp Tour Manag 43(February):42–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.02.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Battaglini E (2012) Coalition formation and endogenous strategic timing. Rev Econ Stud 79(4):1227–1257

    Google Scholar 

  • Baz K, Xu D, Ali H, Ali I, Khan I, Khan MM, Cheng J (2020) Asymmetric impact of energy consumption and economic growth on ecological footprint: using asymmetric and nonlinear approach. Sci Total Environ 718:137364

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bekun FV, Alola AA, Sarkodie SA (2019a) Toward a sustainable environment: nexus between CO2 emissions, resource rent, renewable and nonrenewable energy in 16-EU countries. Sci Total Environ 657:1023–1029

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bekun FV, Emir F, Sarkodie SA (2019b) Another look at the relationship between energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and economic growth in South Africa. Sci Total Environ 655:759–765

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ben Jebli M, Ben Youssef S, Ozturk I (2013) The environmental Kuznets curve: the role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and trade openness

  • Bhat JA (2018) Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption—impact on economic growth and CO2 emissions in five emerging market economies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(35):35515–35530. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3523-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bilgili F, Koçak E, Bulut Ü (2016) The dynamic impact of renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions: a revisited environmental Kuznets curve approach. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 54:838–845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.080

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bölük G, Mert M (2014) Fossil & renewable energy consumption, GHGs (greenhouse gases) and economic growth: evidence from a panel of EU (European Union) countries. Energy 74:439–446

    Google Scholar 

  • Boutabba MA (2014) The impact of financial development, income, energy and trade on carbon emissions: evidence from the Indian economy. Econ Model 40:33–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Can M, Gozgor G (2017) The impact of economic complexity on carbon emissions: evidence from France. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24(19):16364–16370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9219-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caviglia-Harris JL, Chambers D, Kahn JR (2009) Taking the “U” out of Kuznets: a comprehensive analysis of the EKC and environmental degradation. Ecol Econ 68(4):1149–1159

    Google Scholar 

  • Charfeddine L, Ben Khediri K (2016) Financial development and environmental quality in UAE: cointegration with structural breaks. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 55:1322–1335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.059

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charfeddine L, Mrabet Z (2017) The impact of economic development and social-political factors on ecological footprint: a panel data analysis for 15 MENA countries. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 76:138–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen C-Z, Lin Z-S (2008) Multiple timescale analysis and factor analysis of energy ecological footprint growth in China 1953–2006. Energy Policy 36(5):1666–1678

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen B, Chen G, Yang Z, Jiang M (2007) Ecological footprint accounting for energy and resource in China. Energy Policy 35(3):1599–1609

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen DD, Gao WS, Chen YQ, Zhang Q (2010) Ecological footprint analysis of food consumption of rural residents in China in the latest 30 years. Agric Agric Sci Procedia 1:106–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2010.09.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen Y, Wang Z, Zhong Z (2019) CO2 emissions, economic growth, renewable and non-renewable energy production and foreign trade in China. Renew Energy 131:208–216

    Google Scholar 

  • Chin AW, Chu JT, Perera MR, Hui KP, Yen H-L, Chan MC, Peiris M, Poon LL (2020) Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions. Lancet Microbe 1(1):e10

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cho C-H, Chu Y-P, Yang H-Y (2014) An environment Kuznets curve for GHG emissions: a panel cointegration analysis. Energy Sources Part B: Econ Plan Policy 9(2):120–129

    Google Scholar 

  • Christmann P, Taylor G (2001) Globalization and the environment: determinants of firm self-regulation in China. J Int Bus Stud 32(3):439–458

    Google Scholar 

  • Danish, Hassan ST, Baloch MA, Mahmood N, Zhang JW (2019) Linking economic growth and ecological footprint through human capital and biocapacity. Sustain Cities Soc 47(January):101516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danish S, Zafar-ul-Hye M, Mohsin F, Hussain M (2020) ACC-deaminase producing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and biochar mitigate adverse effects of drought stress on maize growth. PLoS One 15(4):e0230615

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dauvergne P, Lister J (2012) Big brand sustainability: governance prospects and environmental limits. Glob Environ Chang 22(1):36–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Dean JM (2002) Does trade liberalization harm the environment? A new test. Can. J. Econ/Revue canadienne d’économique 35(4):819–842

    Google Scholar 

  • Destek MA, Sarkodie SA (2019) Investigation of environmental Kuznets curve for ecological footprint: the role of energy and financial development. Sci Total Environ 650:2483–2489

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Destek MA, Ulucak R, Dogan E (2018) Analyzing the environmental Kuznets curve for the EU countries: the role of ecological footprint. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(29):29387–29396

    Google Scholar 

  • Dogan E, Seker F (2016) The influence of real output, renewable and non-renewable energy, trade and financial development on carbon emissions in the top renewable energy countries. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 60:1074–1085

    Google Scholar 

  • Dogan E, Turkekul B (2016) CO2 emissions, real output, energy consumption, trade, urbanization and financial development: testing the EKC hypothesis for the USA. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(2):1203–1213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5323-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dogan E, Taspinar N, Gokmenoglu KK (2019) Determinants of ecological footprint in MINT countries. Energy Environ 30(6):1065–1086

    Google Scholar 

  • Doğan B, Saboori B, Can M (2019) Does economic complexity matter for environmental degradation? An empirical analysis for different stages of development. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(31):31900–31912. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06333-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dong K, Sun R, Jiang H, Zeng X (2018) CO2 emissions, economic growth, and the environmental Kuznets curve in China: what roles can nuclear energy and renewable energy play? J Clean Prod 196:51–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Du K, Li P, Yan Z (2019) Do green technology innovations contribute to carbon dioxide emission reduction? Empirical evidence from patent data. Technol Forecast Soc Chang 146:297–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Engle RF, Granger CW (1987) Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society 251–276

  • Eren BM, Taspinar N, Gokmenoglu KK (2019) The impact of financial development and economic growth on renewable energy consumption: empirical analysis of India. Sci Total Environ 663:189–197

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evans O (2019) Repositioning for increased digital dividends: Internet usage and economic well-being in sub-Saharan Africa. J Glob Inf Technol Manag 22(1):47–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan J, Zhou L (2019) Impact of urbanization and real estate investment on carbon emissions: evidence from China’s provincial regions. J Clean Prod 209:309–323

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan Y, Liu LC, Wu G, Wei YM (2006) Analyzing impact factors of CO2 emissions using the STIRPAT model. Environ Impact Assess Rev 26(4):377–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2005.11.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Faria WR, Almeida AN (2016) Relationship between openness to trade and deforestation: empirical evidence from the Brazilian Amazon. Ecol Econ 121:85–97

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiala N (2008) Measuring sustainability: Why the ecological footprint is bad economics and bad environmental science. Ecol Econ 67(4):519–525

    Google Scholar 

  • Gasimli O, Naradda Gamage SK, Shihadeh F, Rajapakshe PSK, Shafiq M (2019) Energy, trade, urbanization and environmental degradation nexus in Sri Lanka: bounds testing approach. Energies 12(9):1655

    Google Scholar 

  • Gokmenoglu KK, Sadeghieh M (2019) Financial development, CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption and economic growth: the case of Turkey. Strateg Plan Energy Environ 38(4):7–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Gökmenolu S, Taspinar N (2016) FDI, energy consumption, and environmental pollution: A comparative study of Turkey and Mexico. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(12):12214–12228

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorus MS, Aydin M (2019) The effect of foreign direct investment on environmental quality: A case study of emerging economies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(15):15032–15043

    Google Scholar 

  • Gozgor G (2017) Does trade matter for carbon emissions in OECD countries? Evidence from a new trade openness measure. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24(36):27813–27821

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanif I, Raza SMF, Gago-de-Santos P, Abbas Q (2019) Fossil fuels, foreign direct investment, and economic growth have triggered CO2 emissions in emerging Asian economies: some empirical evidence. Energy 171:493–501

    Google Scholar 

  • Haseeb A, Xia E, Baloch MA, Abbas K (2018) Financial development, globalization, and CO 2 emission in the presence of EKC: evidence from BRICS countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(31):31283–31296

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hassan ST, Xia E, Khan NH, Shah SMA (2019) Economic growth, natural resources, and ecological footprints: evidence from Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(3):2929–2938

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidalgo CAHR (2009) The building blocks of quality. Proc Natl Acad Sci 06(26):10570–10575

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidalgo CAHR (2021) Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic complexity, CO2 emissions, and ecological footprint in the USA: testing the EKC hypothesis with a structural break. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28(1):846–861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10446-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hidalgo CA, Hausmann R (2009) The building blocks of economic complexity. Proc Natl Acad Sci 106(26):10570–10575

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho S-Y, Iyke BN (2019) Trade openness and carbon emissions: evidence from central and eastern European countries. Rev Econ 70(1):41–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Hossain MS (2011) Panel estimation for CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanization of newly industrialized countries. Energy Policy 39(11):6991–6999

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hu A, Li S, Zhang L, Wang H, Yang J, Luo Z, Rashid A, Chen S, Huang W, Yu C-P (2018) Prokaryotic footprints in urban water ecosystems: a case study of urban landscape ponds in a coastal city, China. Environ Pollut 242:1729–1739

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurlin C, Mignon V (2007) Second generation panel unit root tests

  • Ike GN, Usman O, Alola AA, Sarkodie SA (2020) Environmental quality effects of income, energy prices and trade: the role of renewable energy consumption in G-7 countries. Sci Total Environ 721:137813

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • International Energy Agency (2019) World Energy Outlook 2019. Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/reports/worldenergy-outlook-2019

  • International Monetary Fund (2021) World Economic Outlook Database, October 2021. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO

  • Jalil A, Mahmud SF (2009) Environment Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions: a cointegration analysis for China. Energy Policy 37(12):5167–5172

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang Y, Khaskheli A, Raza SA, Qureshi MA, Ahmed M (2021) Threshold non-linear relationship between globalization, renewable energy consumption, and environmental degradation: evidence from smooth transition models. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:13323–13339

    Google Scholar 

  • Jinke L, Hualing S, Dianming G (2008) Causality relationship between coal consumption and GDP: difference of major OECD and non-OECD countries. Appl Energy 85(6):421–429

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalmaz DB, Kirikkaleli D (2019) Modeling CO 2 emissions in an emerging market: empirical finding from ARDL-based bounds and wavelet coherence approaches. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(5):5210–5220

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaltenegger O, Löschel A, Pothen F (2017) The effect of globalisation on energy footprints: disentangling the links of global value chains. Energy Econ 68:148–168

    Google Scholar 

  • Kao C (1999) Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data. J Econ 90(1):1–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Katircioglu S, Gokmenoglu KK, Eren BM (2018) Testing the role of tourism development in ecological footprint quality: evidence from top 10 tourist destinations. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(33):33611–33619

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy C, Pincetl S, Bunje P (2011) The study of urban metabolism and its applications to urban planning and Design. Environ Pollut 159(8–9):1965–1973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2010.10.022

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan MA, Khan MZ, Zaman K, Ahmad M (2019) Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and environmental degradation: a panel data analysis of selected Asian countries. Renew Energy 139:1291–1297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.066

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan MK, Khan MI, Rehan M (2020) The relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in Pakistan. Financ Innov 6(1):1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-019-0162-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan Z, Ali S, Dong K, Li RYM (2021) How does fiscal decentralization affect CO2 emissions? The roles of institutions and human capital. Energy Econ 94:105060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.105060

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim S-H, Han S-K, Shin H-S (2004) Kinetics of LCFA inhibition on acetoclastic methanogenesis, propionate degradation and β-oxidation. J Environ Sci Health Part A 39(4):1025–1037

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirikkaleli D, Alper A, Delen D (2021) Exploring the dynamics of renewable energy consumption, real GDP, and carbon emissions: Empirical evidence from G7 countries. Renew Energ 165:1176–1185

    Google Scholar 

  • Kissinger M, Gottlieb D (2012) From global to place oriented hectares—the case of Israel’s wheat ecological footprint and its implications for sustainable resource supply. Ecol Ind 16:51–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Koçak E, Ulucak R, Dedeoğlu M, Ulucak ZŞ (2019) Is there a trade-off between sustainable society targets in sub-Saharan Africa? Sustain Cities Soc 51:101705

    Google Scholar 

  • Lapatinas A, Garas A, Boleti E, Kyriakou A (2019) Economic complexity and environmental performance: evidence from a world sample

  • Lee C-C, Chang C-P (2005) Structural breaks, energy consumption, and economic growth revisited: evidence from Taiwan. Energy Econ 27(6):857–872

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee KH, Min B (2014) Globalization and carbon constrained global economy: a fad or a trend? J Asia-Pac Bus 15(2):105–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/10599231.2014.904181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li P, Yang G (2007) Ecological footprint study on tourism itinerary products in Shangri-La, Yunnan Province, China. Acta Ecol Sin 27(7):2954–2963

    Google Scholar 

  • Li S, Zhou C, Wang S (2019) Does modernization affect carbon dioxide emissions? A panel data analysis. Sci Total Environ 663:426–435

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liddle B, Lung S (2010) Age-structure, urbanization, and climate change in developed countries: revisiting STIRPAT for disaggregated population and consumption-related environmental impacts. Popul Environ 31(5):317–343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-010-0101-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ling CH, Ho HS, Ding X (2015) Nexus between carbon dioxide emissions, foreign direct investment, and economic growth: Fresh evidence from dynamic simultaneous-equation models. Sustainability 7(12):15670–15688

    Google Scholar 

  • Lv Z, Xu T (2018) Is economic globalization good or bad for the environmental quality? New evidence from dynamic heterogeneous panel models. Technol Forecast Soc Chang 137(August):340–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.08.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Magani F (2004) Fish echo classification using an a priori physical model: advantaines ani) limitations. 133

  • Maji IK, Abdul-Rahim A, Ndawayo AB, Ofozor CA, Basiru HA, Mubarak SMB (2017) The relationship between income, energy consumption, population and deforestation for environmental quality in Nigeria. Int J Green Econ 11(3–4):204–216

    Google Scholar 

  • McAusland C (2010) Globalisation’s direct and indirect effects on the environment

  • Mesagan EP, Olunkwa CN (2020) Energy consumption, capital investment and environmental degradation: the African experience. AGDI Working Paper

  • Nathaniel S, Khan SAR (2020) The nexus between urbanization, renewable energy, trade, and ecological footprint in ASEAN countries. J Clean Prod 272:122709

    Google Scholar 

  • Neagu O (2019) The link between economic complexity and carbon emissions in the European Union countries: a model based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) approach. Sustainability (Switzerland) 11(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174753

  • Neagu O, Teodoru MC (2019) The relationship between economic complexity, energy consumption structure and greenhouse gas emission: heterogeneous panel evidence from the EU countries. Sustainability 11(2):497

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikolova M (2015) The need to evaluate ecosystem benefits. Bus Manag 02:09

    Google Scholar 

  • Nkengfack H, Fotio HK (2019) Energy consumption, economic growth and carbon emissions: evidence from the top three emitters in Africa. Mod Econ 10(1):52–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Omri A, Daly S, Rault C, Chaibi A (2015) Financial development, environmental quality, trade and economic growth: what causes what in MENA countries. Energy Econ 48:242–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Owusu PA, Asumadu-Sarkodie S (2016) A review of renewable energy sources, sustainability issues and climate change mitigation. Cogent Eng 3(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2016.1167990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paramati SR, Mo D, Gupta R (2017) The effects of stock market growth and renewable energy use on CO2 emissions: evidence from G20 countries. Energy Econ 66:360–371

    Google Scholar 

  • Pata UK (2021) Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic complexity, CO 2 emissions, and ecological footprint in the USA: testing the EKC hypothesis with a structural break. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28(1):846–861

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedroni P (1999) Critical values for cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels with multiple regressors. Oxford Bull Econ Stat 61(S1):653–670

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedroni P (2001) Purchasing power parity tests in cointegrated panels. Rev Econ Stat 83(4):727–731

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedroni P (2004) Panel cointegration: asymptotic and finite sample properties of pooled time series tests with an application to the PPP hypothesis. Economet Theor 20(3):597–625

    Google Scholar 

  • Pesaran MH (2015) Testing weak cross-sectional dependence in large panels. Economet Rev 34(6–10):1089–1117

    Google Scholar 

  • Pham H, Ho VT, Maani KE (2020) Sustainable development, FDI and environmental quality: New evidence from Asian economies. J Clean Prod 252:119848

    Google Scholar 

  • Rafindadi AA, Usman O (2019) Globalization, energy use, and environmental degradation in South Africa: startling empirical evidence from the Maki-cointegration test. J Environ Manage 244:265–275

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahman S (2020) Renewable energy. ISEAS Publishing, In Renewable energy

    Google Scholar 

  • Raza N, Jawad S, Shahzad H, Kumar A, Shahbaz M (2016) Asymmetric impact of gold, oil prices and their volatilities on stock prices of emerging markets. Resour Policy 49:290–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2016.06.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raza S, Qamar S, Ahmed M (2021) Asymmetric role of non-renewable energy consumption, ICT, and financial development on ecological footprints: evidence from QARDL approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28(23):29909–29922. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14208-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raza AS, Shah N, Sharif A, Shahbaz M (2022) A revisit of the globalization and carbon dioxide emission nexus. Energy-Growth Nexus Era Glob 383–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-824440-1.00002-3

  • Rees W, Wackernagel M (2012) Urban ecological footprints: why cities cannot be sustainable–and why they are a key to sustainability. In The urban sociology reader (pp. 171–180). Routledge

  • Saidi K, Mbarek MB (2016) Nuclear energy, renewable energy, CO2 emissions, and economic growth for nine developed countries: evidence from panel Granger causality tests. Prog Nucl Energy 88:364–374

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saint Akadiri S, Alkawfi MM, Uğural S, Akadiri AC (2019) Towards achieving environmental sustainability target in Italy. The role of energy, real income and globalization. Sci Total Environ 671:1293–1301

    Google Scholar 

  • Salahuddin M, Alam K, Ozturk I, Sohag K (2018) The effects of electricity consumption, economic growth, financial development and foreign direct investment on CO2 emissions in Kuwait. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 81:2002–2010

    Google Scholar 

  • Salahuddin M, Ali MI, Vink N, Gow J (2019) The effects of urbanization and globalization on CO 2 emissions: evidence from the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(3):2699–2709

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarkodie SA, Strezov V, Weldekidan H, Asamoah EF, Owusu PA, Doyi INY (2019) Environmental sustainability assessment using dynamic autoregressive-distributed lag simulations—nexus between greenhouse gas emissions, biomass energy, food and economic growth. Sci Total Environ 668:318–332

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sassen S (1991) The global city. Princeton University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Saud S, Chen S, Haseeb A (2020a) The role of financial development and globalization in the environment: accounting ecological footprint indicators for selected one-belt-one-road initiative countries. J Clean Prod 250:119518

    Google Scholar 

  • Saud S, Chen S, Haseeb A, Sumayya (2020b) The role of financial development and globalization in the environment: accounting ecological footprint indicators for selected one-belt-one-road initiative countries. J Clean Prod 250:119518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saudi MHM (2019) The role of renewable, non-renewable energy consumption and technology innovation in testing environmental Kuznets curve in Malaysia

  • Shafiei S, Salim RA (2014) Non-renewable and renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions in OECD countries: a comparative analysis. Energy Policy 66:547–556

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shafik N (1994) Economic development and environmental quality: an econometric analysis. Oxf Econ Pap 46:757–773. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/46.Supplement_1.757

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahbaz M, Loganathan N, Zeshan M, Zaman K (2015a) Does renewable energy consumption add in economic growth? An application of auto-regressive distributed lag model in Pakistan. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 44:576–585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.01.017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahbaz M, Mallick H, Mahalik MK, Loganathan N (2015b) Does globalization impede environmental quality in India? Ecol Ind 52:379–393

    Google Scholar 

  • Shahbaz M, Zakaria M, Shahzad SJH, Mahalik MK (2018) The energy consumption and economic growth nexus in top ten energy-consuming countries: Fresh evidence from using the quantile-on-quantile approach. Energy Econ 71:282–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.02.023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahbaz M, Khan S, Ali A, Bhattacharya M (2017) The impact of globalization on co 2 emissions in China. 62(3). https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217590817400331

  • Sharif A, Ali Raza SA (2016) The impact of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on economic growth: Evidence from low-, middle- and high-income countries. Renew Energ 91:370–381

    Google Scholar 

  • Shujah-ur-Rahman, Chen S, Saud S, Saleem N, Bari MW (2019) Nexus between financial development, energy consumption, income level, and ecological footprint in CEE countries: do human capital and biocapacity matter? Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(31):31856–31872. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06343-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solarin SA, Bello MO (2018) Persistence of policy shocks to an environmental degradation index: the case of ecological footprint in 128 developed and developing countries. Ecol Indic 89(December 2017):35–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.01.064

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stern DI (1993) Energy use and economic growth. Energy Econ 15(2):137–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Swart J, Brinkmann L (2020) Economic complexity and the environment: evidence from Brazil. 3–45

  • TemizDinç D, Akdoğan EC (2019) Renewable energy production, energy consumption and sustainable economic growth in Turkey: a VECM approach. Sustainability 11(5):1273

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomakos DD, Alexopoulos TA (2016) Carbon intensity as a proxy for environmental performance and the informational content of the EPI. Energy Policy 94(2016):179–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.03.030

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tietenberg T, Folmer H (2005) The international yearbook of environmental and resource economics 2005/2006: a survey of current issues. Edward Elgar Publishing

    Google Scholar 

  • Topcu M, Tugcu CT (2020) The impact of renewable energy consumption on income inequality: evidence from developed countries. Renew Energy 151:1134–1140

    Google Scholar 

  • Udemba EN (2020) A sustainable study of economic growth and development amidst ecological footprint: new insight from Nigerian Perspective. Sci Total Environ 732:139270

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ullah A, Ahmed M, Raza SA, Ali S (2021) A threshold approach to sustainable development: nonlinear relationship between renewable energy consumption, natural resource rent, and ecological footprint. J Environ Manage 295:113073

    Google Scholar 

  • Usman O, Akadiri SS, Adeshola I (2020) Role of renewable energy and globalization on ecological footprint in the USA: implications for environmental sustainability. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:30681–30693

    Google Scholar 

  • Wackernagel M, Rees W (1998) Our ecological footprint: reducing human impact on the earth (Vol. 9). New society publishers

  • Wang J, Dong K (2019) What drives environmental degradation? Evidence from 14 sub-Saharan African countries. Sci Total Environ 656:165–173

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yilanci V, Pata UK (2020) Investigating the EKC hypothesis for China: the role of economic complexity on ecological footprint. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:32683–32694

    Google Scholar 

  • Zafar MW, Shahbaz M, Hou F, Sinha A (2019a) From nonrenewable to renewable energy and its impact on economic growth: the role of research & development expenditures in Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation countries. J Clean Prod 212:1166–1178

    Google Scholar 

  • Zafar MW, Zaidi SAH, Khan NR, Mirza FM, Hou F, Kirmani SAA (2019b) The impact of natural resources, human capital, and foreign direct investment on the ecological footprint: the case of the United States. Resour Policy 63(May):101428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2019.101428

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Y, Huang K, Yu Y, Yang B (2017) Mapping of water footprint research: a bibliometric analysis during 2006–2015. J Clean Prod 149:70–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao S, Li Z, Li W (2005) A modified method of ecological footprint calculation and its application. Ecol Model 185(1):65–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao J, Jiang Q, Dong X, Dong K, Jiang H (2022) How does industrial structure adjustment reduce CO2 emissions? Spatial and mediation effects analysis for China. Energy Econ 105:105704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105704

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The study is supported by the Startup Foundation (Grant No. 2020R068) for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), People’s Republic of China, and the Key Program of National Social Science Fund of China (No. 21AZD067).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Management Science, National University of Modern Languages, Karachi, 75500, Pakistan

    Muhmmad Asim Rafiq

  2. School of Management Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China

    Abdul Rauf

  3. Department of Management Science, Hamdard University, Karachi, 74600, Pakistan

    Saifullah Shakir & Ameer Muhammad Aamir Abbas

  4. School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China

    Huaping Sun

  5. School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Huaping Sun

  6. School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China

    Saira Abid

Authors
  1. Muhmmad Asim Rafiq
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abdul Rauf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Saifullah Shakir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ameer Muhammad Aamir Abbas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Huaping Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Saira Abid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Muhammad Asim Rafiq and Abdul Rauf: conceptualization, data curation, and writing—original draft. Ameer Muhammad Aamir Abbas and Saifullah Shakir: formal analysis, data handling, and methodology. Abdul Rauf and Saira Abid: writing—review and editing and variable construction. T. Guo: writing—review and editing. Muhammad Asim Rafiq: supervision. Huaping Sun: funding acquisition. Ameer Muhammad Aamir Abbas: writing—review and editing. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abdul Rauf.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Arshian Sharif

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rafiq, M.A., Rauf, A., Shakir, S. et al. Exploring the Intertwined Nexus between Globalization, Energy Usage, Economic Complexity, and Environmental Quality in Emerging Asian Economies: A Pathway Towards a Greener Future. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 100431–100449 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29330-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29330-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation