Abstract
The global energy generation market immensely depends on fossil fuels which balances our survival on this planet. Energy can be called as the “master element” for our daily needs, starting from household power supply, agricultural purpose, automobile and transportation, industrial workload to economic and research domains. Fuel switching initiatives are being adapted by environmentalist and scientists to bring a novel sustainable source of energy. An environment and renewable alternative to fossil fuels are a must. Over the years, the world has shifted toward generating green fuels immensely. One such potential alternative to fossil fuels are biogases. Being versatile and renewable in nature, it has drawn immense attention globally. Despite having such potentials there exist some major drawbacks which mainly deal with the starting material. One such source for biogases can be microalgae. Microalgae based biogas production can produce huge amount of energy and that has been implemented by many foreign countries and their companies. Despite being in use in many countries, there are issues which needs to be addressed which will overall improve the biogas potential from microalgae even more. This review mainly focuses on generation of biogas from microalgae as a feedstock which are very economical and sustainable in its nature, presenting improvement strategies which can be impended to boost the over biogas sector globally.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abanades S, Abbaspour H, Ahmadi A, Das B, Ehyaei M, Esmaeilion F, El Haj AM, Hajilounezhad T, Jamali DH, Hmida A, Ozgoli HA, Safari S, AlShabi M, Bani-Hani EH (2021) A critical review of biogas production and usage with legislations framework across the globe. Int J Environ Sci Technol 19(4):3377–3400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03301-6
Abdel-Raouf N, Al-Homaidan AA, Ibraheem IB (2012) Microalgae and wastewater treatment. Saudi J Biol Sci 19(3):257–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.04.005
Acién F, Molina E, Reis A, Torzillo G, Zittelli G, Sepúlveda C, Masojídek J (2017) Photobioreactors for the production of microalgae. In: Microalgae-based biofuels and bioproducts. Elsevier, pp 1–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-101023-5.00001-7
Adesanya V, Cadena E, Scott S, Smith A (2014) Life cycle assessment on microalgal biodiesel production using a hybrid cultivation system. Bioresour Technol 163:343–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.051
Ahmed S, Mofijur M, Parisa T, Islam N, Kusumo F, Inayat A, Le VG, Badruddin IA, Khan TMY, Ong HC (2022) Progress and challenges of contaminate removal from wastewater using microalgae biomass. Chemosphere 286:131656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131656
Al-Jabri H, Das P, Khan S, Thaher M, AbdulQuadir M (2020) Treatment of wastewaters by microalgae and the potential applications of the produced biomass-a review. Water 13(1):27. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13010027
Almutairi AW (2020) Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus limitations on fatty acid methyl esters and fuel properties of Dunaliella salina. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27(26):32296–32303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08531-8
Amini M, Khoei ZA, Erfanifar E (2019) Nitrate (NO3−) and phosphate (PO43−) removal from aqueous solutions by microalgae Dunaliella salina. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 19:101097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101097
Baltrėnas P, Misevičius A (2015) Biogas production experimental research using algae. J Environ Health Sci Eng 13(1):18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40201-015-0169-z
Bano F, Malik A, Ahammad SZ (2021) Removal of estradiol, diclofenac, and triclosan by naturally occurring microalgal consortium obtained from wastewater. Sustainability 13(14):7690. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147690
Barros A, Gonçalves A, Simões M, Pires J (2015) Harvesting techniques applied to microalgae: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 41:1489–1500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.09.037
Barros R, Raposo S, Morais EG, Rodrigues B, Afonso V, Gonçalves P, Marques J, Cerqueira PR, Varela J, Teixeira MR, Barreira L (2022) Biogas production from microalgal biomass produced in the tertiary treatment of urban wastewater: assessment of seasonal variations. Energies 15(15):5713. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155713
Benner P, Meier L, Pfeffer A, Krüger K, Oropeza Vargas J, Weuster-Botz D (2022) Lab-scale photobioreactor systems: principles, applications, and scalability. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 45(5):791–813. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-022-02711-1
Bhatia S, Mehariya S, Bhatia R, Kumar M, Pugazhendhi A, Awasthi M et al (2021) Wastewater based microalgal biorefinery for bioenergy production: progress and challenges. Sci Total Environ 751:141599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141599
Borowitzka MA (2018) Biology of microalgae. In: microalgae in health and disease prevention. Elsevier pp 23-59
Butcher RW (1959) An undescribed species of Dunaliella from the Cambridge collection of algae. Hydrobiologia 12:249–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00034911
Caetano N, Martins A, Gorgich M, Gutiérrez D, Ribeiro T, Mata T (2020) Flocculation of Arthrospira maxima for improved harvesting. Energy Rep 6:423–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.08.083
Cañedo JC, Lizárraga GL (2016) Considerations for photobioreactor design and operation for mass cultivation of microalgae. In: Algae - Organisms for imminent biotechnology. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/63069
Caporgno MP, Olkiewicz M, Torras C, Salvadó J, Clavero E, Bengoa C (2016) Effect of pre-treatments on the production of biofuels from Phaeodactylum tricornutum. J Environ Manag 177:240–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.04.023
Chavan R, Mutnuri S (2019) Tertiary treatment of domestic wastewater by Spirulina platensis integrated with microalgal biorefinery. Biofuels 10(1):33–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2018.1461509
Chawla P, Malik A, Sreekrishnan TR, Dalvi V, Gola D (2020) Selection of optimum combination via comprehensive comparison of multiple algal cultures for treatment of diverse wastewaters. Environ Technol Innovat 18:100758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.100758
Chen BL, Mhuantong W, Ho SH, Chang JS, Zhao XQ, Bai FW (2020) Genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation of the self-flocculating microalga Scenedesmus obliquus AS-6-11. BMC Genom 21:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-07142-4
Cheng J, Yin W, Chang Z, Lundholm N, Jiang Z (2017) Biosorption capacity and kinetics of cadmium(II) on live and dead Chlorella vulgaris. J Appl Phycol 29:211–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-016-0916-2
Chew K, Chia S, Show P, Yap Y, Ling T, Chang J (2018) Effects of water culture medium, cultivation systems and growth modes for microalgae cultivation: a review. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 91:332–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2018.05.039
Choi O, Hendren Z, Kim G, Dong D, Lee J (2020) Influence of activated sludge derived-extracellular polymeric substance (ASD-EPS) as bio-flocculation of microalgae for biofuel recovery. Algal Res 45:101736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2019.101736
Choudhary P, Assemany P, Naaz F, Bhattacharya A, Castro J, Couto E, Calijuri ML, Pant KK, Malik A (2020) A review of biochemical and thermochemical energy conversion routes of wastewater grown algal biomass. Sci Total Environ 726:137961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137961
Coronado-reyes JA, Salazar-torres JA, Juárez-campos B, González-hernández JC (2022) Chlorella vulgaris, a microalgae important to be used in biotechnology: a review. Food Sci Technol 42:e37320. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.37320
de Vree JH, Bosma R, Janssen M, Barbosa MJ, Wijffels RH (2015) Comparison of four outdoor pilot-scale photobioreactors. Biotechnology Biofuel 8(1):215. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-015-0400-2
Dębowski M, Kazimierowicz J, Zieliński M, Bartkowska I (2022) Co-fermentation of microalgae biomass and Miscanthus × giganteus silage-assessment of the substrate, biogas production and digestate characteristics. Appl Sci 12(14):7291. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12147291
Dębowski M, Zieliński M, Kazimierowicz J, Kujawska N, Talbierz S (2020) Microalgae cultivation technologies as an opportunity for bioenergetic system development-advantages and limitations. Sustainability 12(23):9980. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12239980
Demirbas A, Fatih Demirbas M (2011) Importance of algae oil as a source of biodiesel. Energy Convers Manag 52(1):163–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.06.055
Du X, Tao Y, Liu Y, Li H (2018) Stimulating methane production from microalgae by alkaline pretreatment and co-digestion with sludge. Environmen Technol 41(12):1546–1553. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2018.1540665
Geremia E, Ripa M, Catone C, Ulgiati S (2021) A review about microalgae wastewater treatment for bioremediation and biomass production-a new challenge for Europe. Environments 8(12):136. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8120136
González-González LM, Astals S, Pratt S, Jensen PD, Schenk PM (2019) Impact of osmotic shock pre-treatment on microalgae lipid extraction and subsequent methane production. Bioresour Technol Reports 7:100214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100214
Goswami RK, Agrawal K, Verma P (2021) Microalgae Dunaliella as biofuel feedstock and β-carotene production: an influential step towards environmental sustainability. Energy Convers Manag: X 100154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2021.100154
Gruber-Brunhumer M, Jerney J, Zohar E, Nussbaumer M, Hieger C, Bochmann G, Schagerl M, Obbard JP, Fuchs W, Drosg B (2015) Acutodesmus obliquus as a benchmark strain for evaluating methane production from microalgae: influence of different storage and pretreatment methods on biogas yield. Algal Res 12:230–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2015.08.022
Gupta VK, Rastogi A (2008) A Biosorption of lead(II) from aqueous solutions by non-living algal biomass Oedogonium sp. and Nostoc sp.-a comparative study. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 64:170–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.01.019
Han W, Jin W, Li Z, Wei Y, He Z, Chen C, Qin C, Chen Y, Tu R, Zhou X (2021) Cultivation of microalgae for lipid production using municipal wastewater. Process Saf Environ Prot 155:155–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2021.09.014
Harirchi S, Wainaina S, Sar T, Nojoumi S, Parchami M, Parchami M, Varjani S, Khanal SK, Wong J, Awasthi MK, Taherzadeh MJ (2022) Microbiological insights into anaerobic digestion for biogas, hydrogen or volatile fatty acids (VFAs): a review. Bioengineered 13(3):6521–6557. https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2022.2035986
He S, Fan X, Katukuri N, Yuan X, Wang F, Guo R (2016) Enhanced methane production from microalgal biomass by anaerobic bio-pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 204:145–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.073
Herrmann C, Kalita N, Wall D, Xia A, Murphy JD (2016) Optimised biogas production from microalgae through co-digestion with carbon-rich co-substrates. Bioresour Technol 214:328–337
Hoffman J, Pate RC, Drennen T, Quinn JC (2017) Techno-economic assessment of open microalgae production systems. Algal Res 23:51–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2017.01.005
Hopes A, Nekrasov V, Kamoun S, Mock T (2016) Editing of the urease gene by CRISPR-Cas in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Plant Methods 12(1):1–12
Hossain N, Mahlia T, Saidur R (2019) Latest development in microalgae-biofuel production with nano-additives. Biotechnol Biofuels 12(1):125. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-019-1465-0
Inyang M, Gao B, Pullammanappallil P, Ding W, Zimmerman A (2010) Biochar from anaerobically digested sugarcane bagasse. Bioresour Technol 101(22):8868–8872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.088
Inyang M, Gao B, Yao Y, Xue Y, Zimmerman A, Pullammanappallil P, Cao X (2012) Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by biochars derived from anaerobically digested biomass. Bioresour Technol 110:50–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.072
Jalilian N, Najafpour GD, Khajouei M (2020) Macro and micro algae in pollution control and biofuel production—A review. ChemBioEng Rev 7:18–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/cben.201900014
Jareonsin S, Pumas C (2021) Advantages of heterotrophic microalgae as a host for phytochemicals production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 9:628597. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.628597
Jha P, Schmidt S (2017) Reappraisal of chemical interference in anaerobic digestion processes. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 75:954–971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.076
Jiang J, Jin W, Tu R, Han S, Ji Y, Zhou X (2020) Harvesting of microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa by bio-flocculation with bacteria and filamentous fungi. Waste Biomass Valori 12(1):145–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-00979-6
Kavitha S, Schikaran M, Yukesh Kannah R, Gunasekaran M, Kumar G, Rajesh Banu J (2019) Nanoparticle induced biological disintegration: a new phase separated pretreatment strategy on microalgal biomass for profitable biomethane recovery. Bioresour Technol 289:121624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121624
Kholssi R, Marks EA, Miñón J, Montero O, Lorentz F, Debdoubi A, Rad C (2022) Biofertilizing effects of Anabaena cylindrica biomass on the growth and nitrogen uptake of wheat. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 53(10):1216–1225. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2022.2043350
Kim J, Ryu B, Kim K, Kim B, Han J, Yang J (2012) Continuous microalgae recovery using electrolysis: effect of different electrode pairs and timing of polarity exchange. Bioresour Technol 123:164–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.010
Kızılkaya B, Türker G, Akgül R, Doğan F (2012) Comparative study of biosorption of heavy metals using living green algae Scenedesmus quadricauda and Neochloris pseudoalveolaris: Equilibrium and kinetics. J Dispers Sci Technol 33:410–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2011.567181
Klassen V, Blifernez-Klassen O, Hoekzema Y, Mussgnug J, Kruse O (2015) A novel one-stage cultivation/fermentation strategy for improved biogas production with microalgal biomass. J Biotechnol 215:44–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.05.008
Kuo J, Dow J (2017) Biogas production from anaerobic digestion of food waste and relevant air quality implications. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 67(9):1000–1011. https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2017.1316326
Li R, Duan N, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Li B, Zhang D, Lu H, Dong T (2017) Co-digestion of chicken manure and microalgae Chlorella 1067 grown in the recycled digestate: nutrients reuse and biogas enhancement. Waste Manage 70:247–254
Lill JO, Salovius-Laurén S, Harju L, Rajander J, Saarela KE, Lindroos A, Heselius SJ (2012) Temporal changes in elemental composition in decomposing filamentous algae (Cladophora glomerata and Pilayella littoralis) determined with PIXE and PIGE. Sci Total Environ 414:646–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.034
Liu X, Hong Y (2021) Microalgae-based wastewater treatment and recovery with biomass and value-added products: a brief review. Curr Pollut Rep 7(2):227–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-021-00184-6
López-Sánchez A, Silva-Gálvez A, Aguilar-Juárez Ó, Senés-Guerrero C, Orozco-Nunnelly D, Carrillo-Nieves D, Gradilla-Hernández M (2022) Microalgae-based livestock wastewater treatment (MbWT) as a circular bioeconomy approach: enhancement of biomass productivity, pollutant removal and high-value compound production. J Environ Managem 308:114612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114612
Mahdy A, Ballesteros M, González-Fernández C (2016) Enzymatic pretreatment of Chlorella vulgaris for biogas production: influence of urban wastewater as a sole nutrient source on macromolecular profile and biocatalyst efficiency. Bioresour Technol 199:319–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.080
Mahdy A, Mendez L, Tomás-Pejó E, del Mar MM, Ballesteros M, González-Fernández C (2015) Influence of enzymatic hydrolysis on the biochemical methane potential of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus sp. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 91(5):1299–1305. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.4722
Mai A, Terracciano A, Abraham J, RoyChowdhury A, Koutsospyros A, Su TL, Braida W, Smolinski B (2022) Generation of biofuel from anaerobic digestion of Scenedesmus obliquus grown in energetic-laden industrial wastewater: understanding microalgae strains, co-digestants, and digestate toxicity. Environ Progress Sustain Energy 41(2):e13801. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.13801
Maliha A, Abu-Hijleh B (2022) A review on the current status and post-pandemic prospects of third-generation biofuels. Energy Syst. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-022-00514-7
Marsolek M, Kendall E, Thompson P, Shuman T (2014) Thermal pretreatment of algae for anaerobic digestion. Bioresour Technol 151:373–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.121
Maryjoseph S, Ketheesan B (2020) Microalgae based wastewater treatment for the removal of emerging contaminants: a review of challenges and opportunities. Case Stud Chem Environ Eng 2:100046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscee.2020.100046
Mata TM, Martins AA, Caetano NS (2010) Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14(1):217–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.020
Mathushika J, Gomes C (2021) Development of microalgae-based biofuels as a viable green energy source: challenges and future perspectives. Biointerface Res Appl Chem 12:3849–3882
Mittal S, Ahlgren E, Shukla P (2018) Barriers to biogas dissemination in India: a review. Energy Policy 112:361–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.10.027
Mohsenpour S, Hennige S, Willoughby N, Adeloye A, Gutierrez T (2021) Integrating micro-algae into wastewater treatment: a review. Sci Total Environ 752:142168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142168
Mubarak M, Shaija A, Suchithra T (2019) Flocculation: an effective way to harvest microalgae for biodiesel production. J Environ Chem Eng 7(4):103221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103221
Nagarajan D, Chang J, Lee D (2020) Pretreatment of microalgal biomass for efficient biohydrogen production - recent insights and future perspectives. Bioresour Technol 302:122871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122871
Narala R, Garg S, Sharma K, Thomas-Hall S, Deme M, Li Y, Schenk P (2016) Comparison of microalgae cultivation in photobioreactor, open raceway pond, and a two-stage hybrid system. Front Energy Res 4:29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2016.00029
Novoveská L, Zapata A, Zabolotney J, Atwood M, Sundstrom E (2016) Optimizing microalgae cultivation and wastewater treatment in large-scale offshore photobioreactors. Algal Res 18:86–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2016.05.033
Ogbonna JC, Masui H, Tanaka H (1997) Sequential heterotrophic/autotrophic cultivation–an efficient method of producing Chlorella biomass for health food and animal feed. J Appl Phycol 9:359–366. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007981930676
Okeke ES, Ejeromedoghene O, Okoye CO, Ezeorba TPC, Nyaruaba R, Ikechukwu CK, Oladipo A, Orege JI (2022) Microalgae biorefinery: an integrated route for the sustainable production of high-value-added products. Energy Convers Manage: X 100323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2022.100323
Perez-Garcia O, Escalante F, de-Bashan L, Bashan Y (2011) Heterotrophic cultures of microalgae: metabolism and potential products. Water Res 45(1):11–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.037
Płaczek M, Patyna A, Witczak S (2017) Technical evaluation of photobioreactors for microalgae cultivation. E3S Web Conf, EDP Sci 19:02032
Plöhn M, Spain O, Sirin S, Silva M, Escudero-Oñate C, Ferrando-Climent L, Allahverdiyeva Y, Funk C (2021) Wastewater treatment by microalgae. Physiol Plant 173(2):568–578. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.13427
Pugazhendhi A, Shobana S, Bakonyi P, Nemestóthy N, Xia A, Banu JR, Kumar G (2019) A review on chemical mechanism of microalgae flocculation via polymers. Biotechnol Rep 21:e00302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2018.e00302
Qiu Y, Tian S, Gu L, Hildreth M, Zhou R (2019) Identification of surface polysaccharides in akinetes, heterocysts and vegetative cells of Anabaena cylindrica using fluorescein-labeled lectins. Arch Microbiol 201:17–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-018-1565-4
Ramaraj R, Junluthin P, Dussadee N, Unpaprom Y (2022) Potential evaluation of biogas production through the exploitation of naturally growing freshwater macroalgae Spirogyra varians. Environ Develop Sustain:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-02051-2
Rani S, Gunjyal N, Ojha C, Singh R (2021) Review of challenges for algae-based wastewater treatment: strain selection, wastewater characteristics, abiotic, and biotic factors. J Hazard Toxic Radioact Waste 25(2). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hz.2153-5515.0000578
Rizwan M, Mujtaba G, Memon SA, Lee K (2022) Influence of salinity and nitrogen in dark on Dunaliella tertiolecta’s lipid and carbohydrate productivity. Biofuels 13(4):475–481
Roberts N, Hilliard M, He Q, Wang J (2020) A microalgae-methanotroph coculture is a promising platform for fuels and chemical production from wastewater. Front Energy Res 8:563352. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2020.563352
Rodríguez-Palacio M, Cabrera-Cruz R, Rolón-Aguilar J, Tobías-Jaramillo R, Martínez-Hernández M, Lozano-Ramírez C (2022) The cultivation of five microalgae species and their potential for biodiesel production. Energy Sustain Soc 12(1):10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-022-00337-5
Roy M, Mohanty K (2019) A comprehensive review on microalgal harvesting strategies: current status and future prospects. Algal Res 44:101683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2019.101683
Ruiz J, Wijffels R, Dominguez M, Barbosa M (2022) Heterotrophic vs autotrophic production of microalgae: bringing some light into the everlasting cost controversy. Algal Res 64:102698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2022.102698
Ryu K, Kim B, Lee J (2019) A model-based optimization of microalgal cultivation strategies for lipid production under photoautotrophic condition. Comput Chem Eng 121:57–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2018.10.004
Saleem M, Hanif MU, Bahadar A, Iqbal H, Capareda SC, Waqas A (2020) The effects of hot water and ultrasonication pretreatment of microalgae (Nannochloropsis oculata) on biogas production in anaerobic co-digestion with cow manure. Processes 8(12):1558. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8121558
Sánchez-Sandoval DS, González-Ortega O, Vazquez-Martínez J, García de la Cruz RF, Soria-Guerra RE (2022) Diclofenac removal by the microalgae species Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis oculata, Scenedesmus acutus, and Scenedesmus obliquus. 3 Biotech 12(9):210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03268-2
Sárvári Horváth I, Tabatabaei M, Karimi K, Kumar R (2016) Recent updates on biogas production- a review. Biofuel Res J 3(2):394–402. https://doi.org/10.18331/brj2016.3.2.4
Satyanarayana K, Mariano A, Vargas J (2011) A review on microalgae, a versatile source for sustainable energy and materials. Int J Energy Res 35(4):291–311. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1695
Schwede S, Kowalczyk A, Gerber M, Span R (2011) Influence of different cell disruption techniques on mono digestion of algal biomass. In: World Renewable Energy Congress-Sweden. Linköping University Electronic Press, Linköping; Sweden, pp 41–47
Schwede S, Kowalczyk A, Gerber M, Span R (2013) Anaerobic co-digestion of the marine microalga Nannochloropsis salina with energy crops. Bioresour Technol 148:428–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.157
Singh G, Patidar S (2018) Microalgae harvesting techniques: a review. J Environ Manage 217:499–508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.010
Singh S, Choudhary B, Xavier S, Roy P, Bhagat N, Allen T (2019) Biogas potential in India: production, policies, problems, and future prospects. In: Emerging energy alternatives for sustainable environment. CRC Press, pp 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429058271-1
Sirikhachornkit A, Vuttipongchaikij S, Suttangkakul A, Yokthongwattana K, Juntawong P, Pokethitiyook P, Kangvansaichol K, Meetam M (2016) Increasing the triacylglycerol content in Dunaliella tertiolecta through isolation of starch-deficient mutants. J Microbiol Biotechnol 26(5):854–866
Stephens E, Ross I, Mussgnug J, Wagner L, Borowitzka M, Posten C, Kruse O, Hankamer B (2010) Future prospects of microalgal biofuel production systems. Trends Plant Sci 15(10):554–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2010.06.003
Tagne R, Dong X, Anagho S, Kaiser S, Ulgiati S (2021) Technologies, challenges and perspectives of biogas production within an agricultural context. The case of China and Africa. Environ Dev Sustain 23(10):14799–14826. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01272-9
Tan J, Lee S, Chew K, Lam M, Lim J, Ho S, Show P (2020) A review on microalgae cultivation and harvesting, and their biomass extraction processing using ionic liquids. Bioengineered 11(1):116–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2020.1711626
Tandon P, Jin Q (2017) Microalgae culture enhancement through key microbial approaches. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 80:1089–1099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.260
Torres A, Padrino S, Brito A, Díaz L (2021) Biogas production from anaerobic digestion of solid microalgae residues generated on different processes of microalgae-to-biofuel production. Biomass Convers Biorefine 13:4659–4672. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01898-9
Vargas-Estrada L, Longoria A, Arenas E, Moreira J, Okoye P, Bustos-Terrones Y, Sebastian P (2021a) A review on current trends in biogas production from microalgae biomass and microalgae waste by anaerobic digestion and co-digestion. Bioenergy Res 15(1):77–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-021-10276-2
Vargas-Estrada L, Longoria A, Okoye PU, Sebastian PJ (2021b) Energy and nutrients recovery from wastewater cultivated microalgae: assessment of the impact of wastewater dilution on biogas yield. Bioresour Technol 341:125755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125755
Veerabadhran M, Gnanasekaran D, Wei J, Yang F (2021) Anaerobic digestion of microalgal biomass for bioenergy production, removal of nutrients and microcystin: current status. J Appl Microbiol 131(4):1639–1651. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.15000
Venkataraman L (1997) Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira): Physiology, cell biology and biotechnology, edited by Avigad Vonshak. J Appl Phycol 9:295–296. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007911009912
Vogel V, Bergmann P (2018) Culture of Spirogyra sp. in a flat-panel airlift photobioreactor. 3 Biotech 8:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-017-1026-9
Vuppaladadiyam A, Prinsen P, Raheem A, Luque R, Zhao M (2018) Microalgae cultivation and metabolites production: a comprehensive review. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 12(2):304–324. https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1864
Wang C, Zheng Y, Li R, Yin Q, Song C (2022) Removal of cefradine by Chlorella sp. L166 and Scenedesmus quadricauda: toxicity investigation, degradation mechanism and metabolic pathways. Process Saf Environ Prot 160:632–640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2022.02.064
Wang J, Yang H, Wang F (2014) Mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production: status and prospects. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 172:3307–3329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0729-1
Wang M, Sahu AK, Rusten B, Park C (2013) Anaerobic co-digestion of microalgae Chlorella sp. and waste activated sludge. Bioresour Technol 142:585–590
Wang Q, Lu Y, Xin Y, Wei L, Huang S, Xu J (2016) Genome editing of model oleaginous microalgae Nannochloropsis spp. by CRISPR/Cas9. Plant J 88(6):1071–1081
Wang S, Hu S, Shang H, Barati B, Gong X, Hu X, El-Fatah Abomohra A (2020) Study on the co-operative effect of kitchen wastewater for harvest and enhanced pyrolysis of microalgae. Bioresour Technol 317:123983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123983
Wang S, Yerkebulan M, Abomohra A, El-Khodary S, Wang Q (2019) Microalgae harvest influences the energy recovery: a case study on chemical flocculation of Scenedesmus obliquus for biodiesel and crude bio-oil production. Bioresour Technol 286:121371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121371
Ward A, Lewis D, Green F (2014) Anaerobic digestion of algae biomass: a review. Algal Res 5:204–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2014.02.001
Wu N, Moreira CM, Zhang Y, Doan N, Yang S, Phlips EJ, Svoronos SA, Pullammanappallil PC (2019) Techno-economic analysis of biogas production from microalgae through anaerobic digestion. In: Anaerobic Digestion. IntechOpen, pp 1–33. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86090
Xiang S, Liu Y, Zhang G, Ruan R, Wang Y, Wu X, Zheng H, Zhang Q, Cao L (2020) New progress of ammonia recovery during ammonia nitrogen removal from various wastewaters. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 36(10):144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-020-02921-3
Xiao C, Fu Q, Liao Q, Huang Y, Xia A, Chen H, Zhu X (2020) Life cycle and economic assessments of biogas production from microalgae biomass with hydrothermal pretreatment via anaerobic digestion. Renew Energy 151:70–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.10.145
Xie T, Herbert C, Zitomer D, Kimbell L, Stafford M, Venkiteshwaran K (2023) Biogas conditioning and digestate recycling by microalgae: acclimation of Chlorella vulgaris to H2S-containing biogas and high NH4-N digestate and effect of biogas: Digestate ratio. Chem Eng J 453:139788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.139788
Yao S, Mettu S, Law S, Ashokkumar M, Martin G (2018) The effect of high-intensity ultrasound on cell disruption and lipid extraction from high-solids viscous slurries of Nannochloropsis sp. biomass. Algal Res 35:341–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2018.09.004
Yen H, Hu I, Chen C, Nagarajan D, Chang J (2019) Design of photobioreactors for algal cultivation. In: Biofuels from Algae. Elsevier, pp 225–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-64192-2.00010-x
Yin Z, Zhu L, Li S, Hu T, Chu R, Mo F, Hu D, Liu C, Li B (2020) A comprehensive review on cultivation and harvesting of microalgae for biodiesel production: environmental pollution control and future directions. Bioresour Technol 301:122804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122804
Yousuf A, Khan M, Pirozzi D, Wahid Z, Atnaw S (2017) Economic and market value of biogas technology. In: Waste biomass management - A holistic approach. Springer, pp 137–158. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49595-8_7
Yun J, Cho D, Lee S, Heo J, Tran Q, Chang Y, Kim H (2018) Hybrid operation of photobioreactor and wastewater-fed open raceway ponds enhances the dominance of target algal species and algal biomass production. Algal Res 29:319–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2017.11.037
Zabed H, Akter S, Yun J, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Qi X (2020) Biogas from microalgae: technologies, challenges and opportunities. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 117:109503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109503
Zamalloa C, Vulsteke E, Albrecht J, Verstraete W (2011) The techno-economic potential of renewable energy through the anaerobic digestion of microalgae. Bioresour Technol 102(2):1149–1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.017
Zhang H, Zhang X (2019) Microalgal harvesting using foam flotation: a critical review. Biomass Bioenergy 120:176–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.11.018
Zhang L, Zhang L, Wu D, Wang L, Yang Z, Yan W, Jin Y, Chen F, Song Y, Cheng X (2021) Biochemical wastewater from landfill leachate pretreated by microalgae achieving algae’s self-reliant cultivation in full wastewater-recycling chain with desirable lipid productivity. Bioresour Technol 340:125640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125640
Zhou K, Zhang Y, Jia X (2018) Co-cultivation of fungal-microalgal strains in biogas slurry and biogas purification under different initial CO2 concentrations. Sci Rep 8(1):7786. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26141-w
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Priyanka Jha contributed to the study conception and design and drafted the manuscript. Snigdha Ghosh and Avirup Panja compiled the tabular data and participated in manuscript writing. Vijay Kumar, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, and Ram Prasad critically reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Ta Yeong Wu
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Jha, P., Ghosh, S., Panja, A. et al. Microalgae and biogas: a boon to energy sector. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29135-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29135-y