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Mercury contamination in seafood from an aquatic environment impacted by anthropic activity: seasonality and human health risk

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Abstract

Petroleum activity and the dumping of domestic and industrial sewage are important sources of mercury (Hg) contamination in the aquatic environment. Thus, this article aimed to biomonitor the Hg concentration in fish, mussels, and swimming crabs of commercial importance in southeastern Brazil. The quantifications were carried out over a year to verify the influence of seasonality. Finally, a risk assessment was applied to identify whether the concentrations found could lead to long-term damage to the population. Our results indicate that the contaminations were higher in spring, summer, and winter than in autumn, mainly among fish and swimming crabs. The results of quantification in the animal and estimated monthly intake, despite being below the limit established nationally and internationally, were indicative of risk for these two animals after calculating the Hazard quotient. The highest risk values were attributed to the infant population. Based on the data generated by this work, the consumption of mussels is encouraged throughout the year, to the detriment of the other types of seafood studied, especially during summer, spring, and winter. Our work reinforces the importance of risk assessment for a more reliable understanding of the impact of contaminants in seafood on the population’s health.

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Funding

The authors are thankful for the financial support provided by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) Brazil — grant number [E-26/200.891/2021 (C.A.C.J); E-26/200.077/2022 (P.A.R.)], the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)—grant number [313119/2020–1], and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Brazil — Finance Code001, for the granted scholarship to J.VdeP.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

Paloma de Almeida Rodrigues: Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing.

Júlia Vianna da Anunciação de Pinho: Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – review and editing.

Alexandre Mendes Ramos Filho: Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – review and editing.

Gustavo Lata Neves: Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – review and editing.

Carlos Adam Conte-Junior: Supervision, Conceptualization, Resources, Data curation, Writing –original draft, Writing – review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paloma de Almeida Rodrigues.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

All animals used in this study were acquired through purchase, from fishermen duly authorized to carry out the fishing activity at the study site (Itaipu Beach, Niterói/RJ, Brazil). They are then acquired without life, as they are sold in the free fairs of fishing colonies, with no need for approval by an ethics committee to carry out the study.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publish

All authors involved in the study (Paloma de Almeida Rodrigues, Júlia Vianna de Pinho, Alexandre Mendes Ramos Filho, Gustavo Lata Neves, Carlos Adam Conte Júnior) participated in the writing of the manuscript and agreed with its publication in the journal Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Additional information

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Highlights

- Oil and industrial activities impact aquatic biota with the release of mercury;

- Hg was evaluated in fish, mussels, and crabs from a beach in southeastern Brazil;

- Although the levels were low, they were indicative of risk to consumer health;

- A seasonality assessment indicated that for most of the year, the health risk is high;

- As the mussel was the only species with low risk, its consumption can be stimulated.

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Rodrigues, P.d., de Pinho, J.V., Ramos-Filho, A.M. et al. Mercury contamination in seafood from an aquatic environment impacted by anthropic activity: seasonality and human health risk. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 85390–85404 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28435-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28435-7

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