Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) was a kind of advanced oxidation mode. There were defects in the common HC devices, such as high energy consumption, low efficiency, and easy plugging. In order to effectively utilize HC, it was urgent to research new HC devices and used them together with other traditional water treatment methods. Ozone was widely used as a water treatment agent that does not produce harmful by-products. Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) was efficient and cheap, but too much chlorine will be harmful to water. The combination of ozone and NaClO with the HC device of propeller orifice plate can improve the dissolution and utilization rate of ozone in wastewater, reduce the use of NaClO, and avoid the generation of residual chlorine. The degradation rate reached 99.9% when the mole ratio γ of NaClO to ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was 1.5 and the residual chlorine was near zero. As for the degradation rate of NH3-N or COD of actual river water and real wastewater after biological treatment, the ideal mole ratio γ was also 1.5 and the ideal O3 flow rates were 1.0 L/min. The combined method has been preliminarily applied to actual water treatment and was expected to be used in more and more scenarios.
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Funding
This work was supported by Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi (grant number 2020L0628), Taiyuan Institute of Technology Scientific Research Initial Funding (grant number 2022KJ072), and Program for the (Reserved) Discipline Leaders of Taiyuan Institute of Technology.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Fengyu Wang, Kaijin Zhu, Zirong Wang, and Jian Ning. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Zhongying Feng and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Feng, Z., Wang, F., Zhu, K. et al. Degradation of ammonia nitrogen by an economic combined hydrodynamic cavitation method. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 72782–72792 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27504-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27504-1