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Enhanced selective separation of vanadium(V) and chromium(VI) using the CeO2 nanorod containing oxygen vacancies

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Abstract

Adsorption of vanadium from wastewater defends the environment from toxic ions and contributes to recover the valuable metal. However, it is still challenging for the separation of vanadium (V5+) and chromium (Cr6+) because of their similar properties. Herein, a kind of CeO2 nanorod containing oxygen vacancies is facilely synthesized which displays ultra-high selectivity of V5+ against various competitive ions (i.e., Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Cd, Ba, Pb, Mg, Be, and Co). Moreover, a large separation factor (SFV/Cr) of 114,169.14 for the selectivity of V5+ is achieved at the Cr6+/V5+ ratio of 80 with the trace amount of V5+ (~ 1 mg/L). The results show that the process of V5+ uptake is the monolayer homogeneous adsorption and is controlled by external and intraparticle diffusions. In addition, it also shows that V5+ is reduced to V3+ and V4+ and then formation of V–O complexation. This work offers a novel CeO2 nanorod material for efficient separation of V5+ and Cr6+ and also clarifies the mechanism of the V5+ adsorption on the CeO2 surface.

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Data availability

The datasets used and analyzed in the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFC3201400); National Natural Science Foundation of China (22266037); Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (20212BAB214051); Jiangxi Provincial Key R&D Project (20223BBG74004); Ganzhou Science and Technology Plan Project (2022CXRC9672 and 2022XM019616); Ganzhou “Su Qu Zhi Guang” Talent Plan (GZSQZG202101006); the Self-deployed Projects of Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (E055A001); and the Research Projects of Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (E055ZA01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Rare Earth, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou, 341000, People’s Republic of China

    Ruixi Lin, Jiarong Li, Xuequan Jing, Meina Guo, Haonan Qin, Zhangwei Yao, Yinhua Wan, Weijie Song, Huifeng Zeng, Feifei Yang, Da Zhao & Kang Hu

  2. School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People’s Republic of China

    Ruixi Lin, Jiarong Li, Xuequan Jing, Haonan Qin, Yinhua Wan, Weijie Song & Kang Hu

  3. Jiangxi ECO-ADVANCE Technology Co., Ltd, Ganzhou, 341000, People’s Republic of China

    Guoqing Ren

  4. Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production of Rare Earths, Ganzhou, 341000, People’s Republic of China

    Yinhua Wan, Weijie Song & Kang Hu

  5. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China

    Yinhua Wan & Weijie Song

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  1. Ruixi Lin
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  2. Jiarong Li
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  3. Xuequan Jing
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  4. Meina Guo
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  7. Zhangwei Yao
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  10. Huifeng Zeng
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  11. Feifei Yang
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  12. Da Zhao
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  13. Kang Hu
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Contributions

Ruixi Lin: methodology, investigation, writing — original draft preparation; Jiarong Li: validation; Xuequan Jing and Meina Guo: formal analysis; Yinhua Wan: funding acquisition; Haonan Qin: visualization; Huifeng Zeng, Feifei Yang, and Da Zhao: software; Guoqing Ren and Weijie Song: resources; Zhangwei Yao: writing — review and editing; Kang Hu: conceptualization, supervision, project administration.

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Correspondence to Kang Hu.

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Lin, R., Li, J., Jing, X. et al. Enhanced selective separation of vanadium(V) and chromium(VI) using the CeO2 nanorod containing oxygen vacancies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 70731–70741 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27415-1

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