Abstract
In this study, simultaneous storage and growth mechanism, as well as the formation processes of organic nitrogen (ON), were both introduced into activated sludge model 3 (ASM3), and ASM3-ON was formed to predict the operation of biofilm treatment processes and the formation of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). ASM3-ON was applied to a lab-scale biological aerated filter (BAF) for water supply. During the simulation, the sensitivities of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NOx--N), and DON to the stoichiometric and kinetic coefficients in the model were analyzed first by the Sobol method. Then, the model prediction results were compared with experimental values to calibrate ASM3-ON. In the validation process, ASM3-ON was applied to predict the variations of COD, NH4+-N, NO2--N, and NO3--N in BAF under different aeration ratios (0, 0.5:1, 2:1, and 10:1) and different filtration velocities (0.5, 2, and 4 m/h). The comparison with the experimental results showed that ASM3-ON could accurately predict the variation characteristics of COD, NH4+-N, NOx--N, and DON in BAF. This study provided a practical model approach to optimize the operating performance of BAF and reduce the formation of ON through nonexperimental methods.
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Data availability
The model files of this work can be obtained on the GitHub platform through the website https://github.com/kangjiahit/ASM3-ON.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Zhong Zhou Water Holding Co., Ltd. for supporting this study.
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51708214), the High-Level Talent Introduction Program of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power (40518), and the Key Promotion Project of Henan Province (212102310950, 222102320023).
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Jia Kang established the ASM3-ON and was a major contributor to the writing of the manuscript. Chu-qiong Song adjusted the operating parameters and was responsible for the routine operation of the BAF reactor and conducting experiments. Ning Zhou participated in the formulation of the experimental program and was a major contributor to the manuscript review. Yao-wen Zhang participated in the sensitivity analysis of the model and was a major contributor to manuscript revision. Shu-li Liu provided experimental venues and instruments, guided the experimental process, and analyzed the operating data of the BAF reactor. Gang-fu Song reviewed the manuscript. Wa-ni Zhou guided the model validation process.
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Kang, J., Song, Cq., Zhou, N. et al. Modeling the Operating Performance of a Drinking Water Biological Aerated Filter and the Formation of Organic Nitrogen. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 59579–59595 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26116-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26116-z