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Insights into the health status of the general population living near an electroplating industry zone: metal elevations and renal impairment

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Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 in Zhejiang Province, China, to evaluate the body burdens of metals and metalloids associated with renal dysfunction in populations living near electroplating industries. We recruited 236 subjects and performed physical examinations, determined the blood and urinary levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and selenium (Se) by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), and measured three renal impairment biomarkers, namely nacetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), retinol-binding protein (RBP), and β2-microglobulin (BMG). The proportion of abnormal nasal symptoms in the exposure group (10.1%) was much higher than in the control group (0; p < 0.05). The blood and urinary levels of As, Cd, and Se in the exposure group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The blood levels of Mn and Pb, as well as the urinary levels of Cr and Ni, were significantly higher in the exposure group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The exposure group demonstrated higher levels of NAG, RBP, and BMG than the control group (0.51 vs. 0.14 mg/g creatinine, 12.79 vs. 9.26 IU/g creatinine, and 1.39 vs. 0.78 mg/g creatinine, respectively; p < 0.05). Urinary BMG was positively correlated with urinary Cd levels (r = 0.223, p < 0.05), while urinary RBP was correlated with blood Cd levels (r = 0.151, p < 0.05) and urinary Cd, Cr, Ni, and Se levels (r = 0.220, 0.303, 0.162, and 0.306, respectively; p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study indicated that a population living in the vicinity of electroplating industries had high body burdens of certain metals and metalloids associated with non-negligible renal dysfunction.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed in the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We are especially grateful to the participants and everyone who contributed to this work.

Funding

This study was supported by the Foundation of the Ministry of Science and Technology (WKJ-ZJ-1606) and the Ministry of Health of Zhejiang Province (2018KY337, 2020KY514, 2021KY621, 2022RC121, 2022RC122).

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  1. Peiwei Xu and Shiming Lai contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China

    Peiwei Xu, Lizhi Wu, Weizhong Chen, Yuan Chen, Dandan Xu, Jie Xiang, Ping Cheng, Zhijian Chen, Xiaofeng Wang, Xiaoming Lou & Jun Tang

  2. Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 154 Xi’an Road, Xin’an District, Quzhou, 324003, China

    Shiming Lai

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  1. Peiwei Xu
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Contributions

Peiwei Xu wrote the paper. Lizhi Wu analyzed the data. Shiming Lai, Weizhong Chen, Yuan Chen, Dandan Xu, Jie Xiang, Ping Cheng, Zhijian Chen, and Jun Tang participated in the investigation and analysis. Xiaofeng Wang and Xiaoming Lou organized the whole project.

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Correspondence to Jun Tang.

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Ethical approval

The study was approved by the Ethics and Human Subject Committee of Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

Consent to participate

All the participants agreed to join this study and signed the informed consent form. Demographic data in terms of age, gender, and other characteristics were collected via a questionnaire after informed consent was obtained.

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Not applicable.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Main finding

A population living near electroplating industries had elevated body burdens of certain metals and metalloids associated with distinct renal dysfunction.

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Xu, P., Lai, S., Wu, L. et al. Insights into the health status of the general population living near an electroplating industry zone: metal elevations and renal impairment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 31905–31915 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24411-9

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