Abstract
MnO2, as a representative manganese-based catalyst with many kinds of crystal forms, has been widely used to activate PMS. However, the role of morphological scale and crystal structures on the catalytic capability of MnO2 still lacks further study. In this study, four different crystal forms of MnO2 (α-MnO2, β-MnO2, γ-MnO2, and δ-MnO2) are succeeded in being fabricated via hydrothermal processes and evaluated by activating PMS for the removal of Reactive Yellow X-RG, typical azo dye. Experiment results indicate that α-MnO2 with a one-dimensional structure exhibits the best catalytic performance among the four as-prepared MnO2, which can be attributed to its broadest crystal interplanar distance (0.692), the highest portion of Mn (III)/Mn (IV) (4.194), and lowest value of average oxidation state AOS (2.696). Correlation analysis confirms that interplanar distance is the most relative factor with the catalytic activity of MnO2 among the three studied factors (R2 = 0.99715). Meanwhile, the morphological scale structure of α-MnO2 can also account for its highest catalytic ability among the four as-prepared MnO2, including its large specific area and advantageous one-dimensional nanostructure. Furthermore, according to the response surface methodology, when the dosage of PMS is 2.369 g/L, the dosage of α-MnO2 is 0.991 g/L, and the initial dye concentration is 1025 mg/L, the maximum removal rate of Reactive Yellow X-RG is up to 97.38%.
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The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the National Key Technology R&D Program (2017YFD0300503), the Applied Basic Research Programs of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (No. GC13B111), and the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31470550, 515080).
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Junwei Wang: writing—original draft, methodology, validation, visualization, formal analysis. Di Zhang: writing—supervision, methodology, visualization, funding acquisition. Fan Nie: writing—review and editing, visualization. Ruixue Zhang: writing—review and editing, formal analysis. Xiaojie Fang: writing—review and editing. Yaxin Wang: review and editing.
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Highlights
• The effects of manganese dioxide’s morphological structure and crystal structure on the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for Reactive Yellow X-RG degradation were investigated in detail.
• The influence degree of the factors that correlated with the reactivity of MnO2 descended in the sequence of crystal interplanar distance (R2 = 0.99715) > ratio of Mn (III)/Mn (IV) (R2 = 0.96783) > value of average oxidation state (AOS) (R2 = 0.62393).
• With the α-MnO2 dosage of 0.991 g/L, PMS dosage of 2.369 g/L, and dye concentration of 1025 mg/L at 20 °C, the maximum degradation rate of Reactive Yellow X-RG was obtained.
• α-MnO2 still exhibited great catalytic ability and stability after eight cycle experiments.
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Wang, J., Zhang, D., Nie, F. et al. The role of MnO2 crystal morphological scale and crystal structure in selective catalytic degradation of azo dye. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 15377–15391 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23223-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23223-1