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Enhancing the eosin-yellowish dye degradation in drinking water by using TiO2 coatings co-doped with Ni and In

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Abstract

This work reports on the structural, morphological, and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and TiO2:NiIn (T-NiIn) coatings fabricated by spin coating. The SEM images revealed coatings with average thicknesses of 3.59 and 3.37 μm for the TiO2 and T-NiIn, respectively. EDS spectra and Raman studies confirmed the presence of TiO2 co-doped with nickel (Ni) and indium (In) in the coatings. XRD analysis showed the anatase and rutile phases for the TiO2 coatings, while the T-NiIn coatings presented the rutile and brookite phases. These samples were evaluated in the photocatalytic degradation of the eosin-yellowish (EY) dye. The T-NiIn coatings showed 9.1% higher effectiveness than the undoped TiO2 coatings after 300 min under UV irradiation. Meanwhile, the T-NiIn coatings exposed to solar light removed 40% more dye than the TiO2 coatings. Furthermore, T-NiIn coating was the most stable because its effectiveness was reduced by only 1.4% after 4 cycles of reuse. Additionally, the scavenger tests confirmed that the main oxidizing sites were the •OH− radicals and the superoxides •O2−. Thus, the use of coatings based on TiO2 co-doped with Ni and In is a feasible strategy to increase the degradation of the EY dye in drinking water.

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Acknowledgements

The authors want to thank CONACYT for the postdoctoral scholarship granted to P.C. Hernandez-Del Castillo. Also, J. Oliva appreciates the support of the Catedras CONACYT program. VRG acknowledges the support by CONACYT through the project Ciencia de Frontera 2019, Project 101703.

Funding

This study was funded by CONACYT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica Y Tecnológica A. C, 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México

    Pável César Hernández-Del Castillo, Jorge Oliva, Gabriela Robledo-Trujillo & Vicente Rodríguez-González

Authors
  1. Pável César Hernández-Del Castillo
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  2. Jorge Oliva
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  3. Gabriela Robledo-Trujillo
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  4. Vicente Rodríguez-González
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Contributions

Pável César Hernández-Del Castillo: methodology, formal analysis, investigation, and writing; Jorge Oliva: conceptualization and writing—original draft preparation; Gabriela Robledo-Trujillo: methodology; Vicente Rodríguez-González: funding and formal analysis. All the authors read and approved this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Pável César Hernández-Del Castillo.

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Hernández-Del Castillo, P.C., Oliva, J., Robledo-Trujillo, G. et al. Enhancing the eosin-yellowish dye degradation in drinking water by using TiO2 coatings co-doped with Ni and In. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 5258–5266 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22572-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22572-1

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