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A sustainable composite of rice-paper/BaMoO4 nanoparticles for the photocatalytic elimination of the recalcitrant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) pesticide in drinking water and its mechanisms of degradation

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Abstract

This research reports the use of biodegradable and flexible composites for the removal of the 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) pesticide from drinking water. Rice paper (a biodegradable substrate) and Ag/BaMoO4 (MOBA) nanoparticles were employed to fabricate these composites. The SEM images showed that the MOBA nanoparticles with sizes of 300–800 nm decorated the surface of the biodegradable substrate and formed porous agglomerates, which have sizes of 1–3 μm. The MOBA powders were dispersed in drinking water polluted with BAM and were exposed to 4 h of UV-VIS irradiation, producing a maximum degradation of 82% for the BAM. Moreover, the flexible and biodegradable rice/MOBA composite produced a maximum removal percentage of 95% for the BAM. Also, we studied the effect of pH of the initial solution utilizing both powders and composites. From here, we found that a pH of 10 leads to a complete degradation of BAM after 4h, while a pH of 3 degraded only 37–47% of BAM for the same reaction time. According to the scavenger experiments, the •OH radical and the h+ were the main oxidizing agents for the BAM. Overall, the biodegradable photocatalytic composites are a reliable and a low-cost alternative to eliminate pesticides from the drinking water and can find application in water purification processes.

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Acknowledgements

J. Oliva appreciates the financial support awarded by the CATEDRAS-CONACYT program. We thank the technical help of B. Rivera and A. Peña for the XRD and SEM characterizations at LINAN IPICYT. E. Valadez-Renteria thanks CONACYT for the PhD scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México

    Jorge Oliva, Ernesto Valadez-Renteria, Armando Encinas & Vicente Rodriguez-Gonzalez

  2. Department of Environmental and Bio-Chemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea

    Yuwaraj K. Kshetri & Soo Wohn Lee

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  1. Jorge Oliva
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  2. Ernesto Valadez-Renteria
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  3. Yuwaraj K. Kshetri
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  4. Armando Encinas
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  6. Vicente Rodriguez-Gonzalez
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Contributions

Ernesto Valadez-Renteria: methodology, formal analysis and investigation; Jorge Oliva: conceptualization, resources, and writing—original draft preparation; Yuwaraj Kshetri: formal analysis and methodology; A. Encinas: formal analysis and methodology; Soo Wohn Lee: methodology; and V. Rodriguez-Gonzalez: conceptualization, resources

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Correspondence to Jorge Oliva.

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Oliva, J., Valadez-Renteria, E., Kshetri, Y.K. et al. A sustainable composite of rice-paper/BaMoO4 nanoparticles for the photocatalytic elimination of the recalcitrant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) pesticide in drinking water and its mechanisms of degradation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 59915–59929 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19908-2

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