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Influences of offshore background wind on the formation of sea-land breeze and the characteristics of pollutant diffusion

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Abstract

The formation of sea-land breeze (SLB) is primarily affected by background wind and temperature difference between the sea and nearby land. Because the intensity of sea breeze is significantly stronger than that of land breeze, land breeze may result in more accumulated pollutants under the condition of offshore background wind (OBW) than under the condition of no OBW in coastal areas. The formation process of sea-land breeze and the dispersion trajectory and accumulation effect of pollutants are studied under different velocities of OBW with the same sea-land temperature difference by employing computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results reveal that the depth and the duration of sea breeze decrease with the increase of the velocity of OBW. The most unfavorable velocity of OBW (0.2 m s-1) exists when the concentration affected by OBW is higher than that by no OBW in coastal areas. The pollutants close to the ground will be blown to the inland by sea breeze when the velocity of OBW is less than 1.0 m s-1. When the velocity of OBW is larger than 2.0 m s-1, the pollutants will not occur on the inland due to the influence of OBW.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No. 19DZ1205005); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42075179, 51578121); and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. CUSF-DH-D-2021040).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China

    Jiajia Xu, Hongwei Jia, Huayuan Zhou, Yanming Kang & Ke Zhong

Authors
  1. Jiajia Xu
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  2. Hongwei Jia
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  3. Huayuan Zhou
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  4. Yanming Kang
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  5. Ke Zhong
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Contributions

Jiajia Xu, she is the first author. She did all the simulation and finished the original writing of the manuscript.

Hongwei Jia, Dr. Jia is the co-investigator of this study.

Huayuan Zhou participated in analyzing the results and writing of the manuscript with the first author together.

Yanming Kang, Prof. Kang is the first corresponding author. He designed the research plan and helped the first author write the original manuscript.

Ke Zhong, Prof. Zhong is the co-corresponding author. She designed the research plan with Prof. Kang and analyzed the results with the first author.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yanming Kang or Ke Zhong.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Responsible Editor: V. V.S.S. Sarma

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Xu, ., Jia, H., Zhou, H. et al. Influences of offshore background wind on the formation of sea-land breeze and the characteristics of pollutant diffusion. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 68318–68329 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15339-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15339-7

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