Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Takakura composting method for food wastes from small and medium industries with indigenous compost

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The current work aimed to study the physical, chemical and biological properties of food wastes generated from small and medium industries by using Takakura composting methods. Composting method was referred as indigenous compost (IC) and commercial compost (CC) reactors. The reactors were operated at 44 °C, pH (6 to 8.5) and 40 to 55 % of moisture for 22 weeks in closed environment using a carpet around the basket to avoid external disturbance. The results revealed that the total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total phosphorus (TP) and potassium (K) in the IC reactors were 6300, 10.57 and 726.07 ppm, respectively, while 8400, 15.45 and 727.81 ppm, respectively, in the CC reactors. Moreover, both IC and CC has Cd2+, Cr2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ concentrations within the compost legislation standard (CLS). The findings of this study indicated that the composting method could be used as an alternative food waste management in small and medium industry and the Takakura composting method is suitable for food waste composting.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Most data generated or analysed during this study are included in this article. Anyway, further datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

  • Abdul Hamid A, Ahmad A, Ibrahim MH, Nik Abdul Rahman NN (2012) Food waste management in Malaysia- current situation and future management options. J Sci Ind Res 2(1):36–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Abushammala MF, Basri NEA, Zain SM, Saad NFM, Zainudin NA (2015) Green biological transformation of food and yard waste. J Teknol 73(1):21–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed M, Idris A, Omer SS (2007) Behavior and fate of heavy metals in the composting of industrial tannery sludge. Malaysian J Anal Sci 11(2):340–350

    Google Scholar 

  • Aja OC, Al-Kayiem HH (2014) Review of municipal solid waste management options in Malaysia, with an emphasis on sustainable waste-to-energy options. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 16(4):693–710

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Gheethi AA, Mohamed RMSR, Efaq AN, Norli I, Abd Halid A, Amir HK, Kadir Ab MO (2016) Bioaugmentation process of secondary effluents for reduction of pathogens, heavy metals and antibiotics. J Water Health 14(5):780–795

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ameen A, Ahmad J, Raza S (2016) Effect of pH and moisture content on composting of municipal solid waste. Int J Sci Res 6(5):35–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Amlinger F, Pollak M., Favoino E (2004) Compost standard and legislation. ANNEX 2. Heavy Metals and Organic Compounds from Wastes Used as Organic Fertilisers

  • APHA (2005) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edn. American Public Health Association/American Water Works Association/Water Environment Federation, Washington DC

  • Batham M, Gupta R, Tiwari A (2013) Implementation of bulking agents in composting: a review. J Bioremediat Biodegrad

  • Bobeck M (2010) Organic household waste in developing countries: an overview of environmental and health consequences and appropriate decentralized technologies and strategies for sustainable management

  • Boulter JI, Boland GJ, Trevors JT (2000) Compost: a study of the development process and end-product potential for suppression of turfgrass disease. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 16(2):115–134

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry A, Naeem M, Jilani G, Razzaq A, Zhang D, Azeem M, Ahmed M (2013) Influence of composting and poultry litter storage methods on mineralization and nutrient dynamics. J Anim Plant Sci 23(2):500–506

    Google Scholar 

  • Chikku M (2014) Antimicrobial evaluation of jams made from indigenous fruit peels. Int J Curr Adv Res 2(1):202–207

    Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury AKM, Bari M (2014) Composting of agro-industrial wastes.

  • Chua K, Sahid EJM, Leong Y (2011) Sustainable municipal solid waste management and GHGs abatement in Malaysia ST-4. Green & Energy Management 4(2):1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Civeira G (2010) Influence of municipal solid waste compost on soil properties and plant reestablishment in peri-urban environments. Agricultura técnica 70(3):446–453

    Google Scholar 

  • Cogger C (2017) Backyard composting: home garden series. Washington State University Extension Publication. EBI784E, United State

  • Deng GF, Shen C, Xu XR, Kuang RD, Guo YJ, Zeng LS, Gao LL, Lin X, Xie JF, Xia EQ (2012) Potential of fruit wastes as natural resources of bioactive compounds. Int J Mol Sci 13(7):8308–8323

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fathi H, Zangane A, Fathi H, Moradi H, Lahiji AA (2014) Municipal solid waste characterization and it is assessment for potential compost production: a case study in Zanjan City, Iran. AJAF 2(2):39–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ganakumar S, Murugappan A, Monson CC, Gopalakrishnan R (2014) Rotary drum composting of urban solid food wastes generated in commercial and residential complexes. Int J Advert 2(8):466–476

    Google Scholar 

  • Gautam S, Bundela P, Pandey A, Awasthi M, Sarsaiya S (2010) Composting of municipal solid waste of Jabalpur City. Glob Environ Res 4(1):43–46

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gómez-Brandón M, Lazcano C, Domínguez J (2008) The evaluation of stability and maturity during the composting of cattle manure. Chemosphere 70(3):436–444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haiba E, Ivask M, Olle L, Peda J, Kuu A, Kutti S, Nei L (2014) Transformation of nutrients and organic matter in vermicomposting of sewage sludge and kitchen wastes. J Agric Sci 6(2):114

    Google Scholar 

  • Hassen A, Belguith K, Jedidi N, Cherif A, Cherif M, Boudabous A (2001) Microbial characterization during composting of municipal solid waste. Bioresour Technol 80(3):217–225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ishak NF, Ahmad AL, Ismail S (2014) Feasibility of anaerobic co-composting empty fruit bunch with activated sludge from palm oil mill wastes for soil conditioner. J Phys Sci 25(1):77

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JICA. Japan International Cooperation Agency. (2014) Environmental Management. Takakura Composting Method. Retrieve from https://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/thematic_issues/management/study_takakura.html.

  • Jusoh MLC, Manaf LA, Latiff PA (2013) Composting of rice straw with effective microorganisms (EM) and its influence on compost quality

  • Lakhdar A, Rabhi M, Ghnaya T, Montemurro F, Jedidi N, Abdelly C (2009) Effectiveness of compost use in salt-affected soil. J Hazard Mater 171(1):29–37

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luangwilai T, Sidhu H, Nelson M, Chen XD (2011) Modelling the effects of moisture content in compost piles.

  • Masirin M, Idrus M, Ridzuan MB, Mustapha S (2008) An overview of landfill management and technologies: a Malaysian case study at Ampar Tenang. Proceedings 1st National Seminar on Environment, Development & Sustainability: Biological, Economical and Social Aspects, 157-165

  • Mat Saad NF, Baharin N, Md Zain S (2014) Windrow composting of yard wastes and food waste. AJBAS 8(9):64–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Moh Y, Manaf L (2017) Solid waste management transformation and future challenges of source separation and recycling practice in Malaysia. Resour Conserv Recycl 116:1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ogunwande G, Osunade J, Ogunjimi L (2008) Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and turning frequency on composting of chicken litter in turned-windrow piles. CIGR Journal, Agricultural Engineering International

  • Pagans E, Barrena R, Font X, Sánchez A (2006) Ammonia emissions from the composting of different organic wastes, dependency on process temperature. Chemosphere 62(9):1534–1542

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pathak A, Singh M, Kumara V, Arya S, Trivedi A (2012) Assessment of physico-chemical properties and microbial community during composting of municipal solid waste (Viz. KItchen waste) at Jhansi City, UP (India). Res Sci Technol 4(4):87–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Raghavarao K, Raghavendra S, Rastogi N (2008) Potential of coconut dietary fiber. Indian Coconut Journal 6:2–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Rakib MA, Rahman MA, Akter MS, Ali M, Huda ME, Bhuiyan MA (2014) An emerging city: solid waste generation and recycling approach. Int J Environ Sci 2(3):74–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Saheri S, Mir MA, Basri NEA, Begum RA, Mahmood NZ (2009) Solid waste management by considering composting potential in Malaysia toward a green country. Int J Humanit Soc Sci 4(1):48–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Saipul NIL, Rahman MSA, Wing ACK, Jaganathan S, Maimun NHA, Yusoff NSM, Mohammed AH (2017) Parties and their roles in solid waste separation at the source: an example from Malaysia’s award-winning residential area. Tourism 2(6):10–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Shymala DC, Belagali SL (2012) Studies on variations in physico-chemical and biological characteristics at different maturity stages of municipal solid waste compost. Int J Environ Sci 2(4):1984–1997

    Google Scholar 

  • Tripetchkul S, Pundee K, Koonsrisuk S, Akeprathumchai S (2012) Co-composting of coir pith and cow manure: initial carbon and nitrogen ratio (C:N) vs physico-chemical changes. Int J Recycl Org Waste Agric 1(1):1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Venglovsky J, Sasakova N, Vargova M, Pacajova Z, Placha I, Petrovsky M, Harichova D (2005) Evolution of temperature and chemical parameters during composting of the pig slurry solid fraction amended with natural zeolite. Bioresour Technol 96(2):181–189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The research was funded by Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, knowledge transfer grant rolling 4 ID Phase 2/2014 (KTP.1484).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Micro-pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Faculty of Civil Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia

    Sadeq Abdullah Abdo Al-khadher, Aeslina Abdul Kadir, Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi & Nur Wahidah Azhari

Authors
  1. Sadeq Abdullah Abdo Al-khadher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aeslina Abdul Kadir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Nur Wahidah Azhari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

AAK and NWBA contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by SAAA, AAK and NWBA. Interpretation of the data was made by SAAA, AAK and AA. The first draft of the manuscript was written by SAAA, AAK and AA, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Sadeq Abdullah Abdo Al-khadher or Aeslina Abdul Kadir.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable

Consent for publication

Not applicable

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Chris Lowe

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Al-khadher, S.A.A., Abdul Kadir, A., Al-Gheethi, A.A.S. et al. Takakura composting method for food wastes from small and medium industries with indigenous compost. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 65513–65524 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15011-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15011-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation