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Review on plant uptake of PFOS and PFOA for environmental cleanup: potential and implications

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Abstract

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have gained increasing concern due to their persistent characteristics, wide distribution, biotoxicity, and bioaccumulative properties. The current remediation technologies for PFOA and PFOS are primarily focused on physical and chemical techniques. Phytoremediation has provided promising alternatives to traditional cleanup technologies due to their low operational costs, low maintenance requirements, end-use value, and aesthetic nature. In this review, uptake, translocation, and toxic effects of PFOS and PFOA are summarized and discussed. Several potential hyperaccumulators of PFOS and PFOA are provided according to the existing data. Biomass, chlorophyll, soluble protein, enzyme activities, oxidative stress, and other variables are assessed for potential indicator of PFOS/PFOA biotoxicity. The various studies on multiple scales are compared for identifying the threshold values. Several important implications and recommendations for future research are proposed at the end. This review provides an overview of current studies on plant uptake of PFOS and PFOA from the perspective of phytoremediation.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers of Environmental Science and Pollution Research for invaluable comments. We also thank Alan Leckie at Scion, New Zealand, for improving this manuscript.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51878523, No. U1703120, and No. 51508430), the Recruitment Program of Global Experts (Young Professionals), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WUT: 193108003, 2019IVA032, and 215208002), and the Scottish Government’s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Service Division (RESAS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Yulong Li, Liuyang He, Lixin Lv, Li Wu, Zulin Zhang & Lie Yang

  2. New Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited (Scion), Christchurch, 8440, New Zealand

    Jianming Xue

  3. State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Zulin Zhang

  4. The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, ABI5 8QH, UK

    Zulin Zhang

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  1. Yulong Li
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection and analysis were performed by Yulong Li, Liuyang He, Lixin Lv, and Jianming Xue. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yulong Li, and Lie Yang critically revised the work. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Li, Y., He, L., Lv, L. et al. Review on plant uptake of PFOS and PFOA for environmental cleanup: potential and implications. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 30459–30470 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14069-0

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