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Toxic effect of some heavy metals on hematology and histopathology of major carp (Catla catla)

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Abstract

The current study was conducted to assess the hematological and histopathological changes in major carp (Catla catla) exposed to different concentrations of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd). For this purpose, Catla catla fish, weighing approximately 230–235 g, were randomly divided into four groups and then exposed to acute doses of Cu (1.25 ppm), Cd (4.5 ppm), and their mixture (2.25 ppm) for 96 h and then 20, 30, and 40% respectively for a period of 30 days. Results showed that red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), lymphocyte, and monocyte decreased significantly, while the total white blood cell count and neutrophil population significantly increased in experimental groups as compared with the control one. Histopathological examination of liver tissues showed karyorrhexis, hepatic cells degeneration, congestion, and hemorrhages. Microscopic analysis of gills’ sections revealed lamellar atrophy, telangiectasia, and necrosis of lamellar epithelial cells. In the kidneys, different histopathological ailments like atrophy of glomeruli, necrosis of renal tubular cells, increased urinary spaces, degeneration of renal tubules, and melanomacrophage aggregates were observed, while in the intestine, atrophy of villi, sloughing of epithelial villi, and congestion were seen after 30 days of exposure. In conclusion, the study indicates that exposure to Cu and Cd for longer period of time causes adverse hematological and histopathological changes in Catla catla fish.

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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Saima Naz & Ansar Shaheen

  2. University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Riaz Hussain

  3. Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan

    Qudrat Ullah

  4. Department of Entomology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha

  5. College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Rifat Ullah Khan

Authors
  1. Saima Naz
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  2. Riaz Hussain
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  3. Qudrat Ullah
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  4. Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha
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  5. Ansar Shaheen
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  6. Rifat Ullah Khan
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Contributions

Saima Naz: Designed the study

Riaz Hussain: Performed histological study

Qudrat Ullah: Revised the article

Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha and Ansar Shaheen: Conducted, sampled, and analyzed the study

Rifat Ullah Khan: Prepared, edited, and submitted the manuscript

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rifat Ullah Khan.

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Competing interest

There is no potential competing interest with this study.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Department Committee on Animal Ethics and Welfare, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur Pakistan.

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All the authors have equally participated in this study and agreed to publish this work in this journal.

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Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Naz, S., Hussain, R., Ullah, Q. et al. Toxic effect of some heavy metals on hematology and histopathology of major carp (Catla catla). Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 6533–6539 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10980-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10980-0

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