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Synthesis of nanohybrids of polycarbazole with α-MnO2 derived from Brassica oleracea: a comparison of photocatalytic degradation of an antibiotic drug under microwave and UV irradiation

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Abstract

The present work describes the synthesis of α-MnO2 nanorods using a natural extract of Brassica oleracea (cabbage) and the formulation of its nanohybrids with polycarbazole, i.e., α-MnO2/PCz. Synergistic interaction between PCz and MnO2 is revealed from infrared spectroscopy (IR) studies while the composition is determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation of α-MnO2 nanorods is confirmed via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The indirect bandgap of α-MnO2 is reported as 2.5 eV while for the nanohybrids it is found to be ranging between 2.3 and 2.5 eV. Results show that 91% and 89% of degradation is achieved within 30 min and 90 min under the microwave and UV irradiation respectively. Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide (•O2−) radicals are responsible for photocatalytic degradation of the drug Bactrim DS which is confirmed by radical scavenging experiments. The nanohybrids show promising catalytic activity under UV as well as microwave irradiation.

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Acknowledgements

This project was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah under grant No. (D -074 -247 -1441). The authors, therefore, gratefully acknowledge DSR technical and financial support. The authors also wish to acknowledge the instrumentation facilities utilized at CIF facility under DST-PURSE, JMI. And sophiticated analytcia instrumentaltion facility (SAIF) at AIIMS for the HR-TEM analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India

    Jannatun Zia & Ufana Riaz

  2. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, 23622, Saudi Arabia

    Elham S. Aazam

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  1. Jannatun Zia
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  2. Elham S. Aazam
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  3. Ufana Riaz
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Correspondence to Ufana Riaz.

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Zia, J., Aazam, E.S. & Riaz, U. Synthesis of nanohybrids of polycarbazole with α-MnO2 derived from Brassica oleracea: a comparison of photocatalytic degradation of an antibiotic drug under microwave and UV irradiation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 24173–24189 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08149-w

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