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Putative impacts of phytogenic additives to ameliorate lead toxicity in animal feed

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Abstract

Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and an environmental pollutant, particularly because of its anthropogenic activity. The main impacts of Pb is recognized to cause injurious influences of various levels of the tropic chain, due to bio-accumulated lead causes many health issues such as intoxication of different body organs, such as kidneys and liver, and reproductive and nervous systems. Industrial lead toxicity has reduced as a result of the attempts to decrease the lead levels in the surrounding work environment. Conversably, health risks related with long-term environmental exposure to a low dose of Pb have been steadily demonstrated. Long-term exposure to lead toxicity caused inflammatory infiltration, degenerative changes in testicular tissues, reduction in spermatocytes, necrosis of hepatocytes, degeneration in renal tubules, and renal epithelium hypertrophy. Hence, we need an influential approach to vanquish lead toxicity. This consequence has emerged the necessity for potentially safe represent remedy, favorably keeping both enhancement and chelating of the antioxidant competences. Many antioxidants have been used for chelating heavy toxic pollutants such as lead and oxidative stress released in excess during lead exposure. Several studies have stated the noticeable gathering of herbal singly or in combination in modulating lead-induced disturbances, therefore proposing great promise in enhancing health status and welfare of man as well as animals. For this, in the current review, we tried to discuss the enormous harmful influences of lead toxicity on the animal model and the disturbing truth that this detrimental toxic substance can be found quite simply in the surroundings and amplitude.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt

    Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack

  2. Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt

    Sameh A. Abdelnour

  3. Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt

    Abd El-Moneim E. Abd El-Moneim

  4. Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan

    Muhammad Arif

  5. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt

    Asmaa Khafaga

  6. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Abadiyyat Damanhur, Egypt

    Hazem Shaheen

  7. Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Abadiyyat Damanhur, Egypt

    Dalia Samak

  8. Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt

    Ayman A. Swelum

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  1. Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
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  2. Sameh A. Abdelnour
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Abd El-Hack, M.E., Abdelnour, S.A., Abd El-Moneim, A.EM.E. et al. Putative impacts of phytogenic additives to ameliorate lead toxicity in animal feed. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 23209–23218 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05805-8

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