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Phytomanagement of trace metals in mangrove sediments of Hormozgan, Iran, using gray mangrove (Avicennia marina)

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Abstract

Trace elements (Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) in root and leaf tissues of the gray mangrove (Avicennia marina) and in corresponding sediment samples were studied. Samples were taken from the inflow/outflow points in two distinct habitats, i.e., the Hara Protected Area and the Azini Bay, of Hormozgan Province in south Iran. Heavy metal concentrations (μg g−1 of dry weight) in the sediments of the Hara Protected Area ranged from 16.0 to 68.0 for Pb, 15.0 to 52.0 for Zn, 9.0 to 27.0 for Cu, and 1.0 to 3.3 for Cd. In the Azini Bay, these concentrations ranged from 7.1 to 27.5 for Pb, 17.1 to 55.9 for Zn, 12.1 to 37.9 for Cu, and 0.2 to 2.3 for Cd. The accumulation trend of heavy metal concentrations in the roots of A. marina was in the order Pb (16.1) > Zn (15.8) > Cu (9.3) > Cd (1.3) μg g−1 of dry weight in the Hara Protected Area and in the order Zn (13.7) > Cu (9.4) > Pb (5.5) > Cd (0.6) μg g−1 of dry weight in the Azini Bay. The value of translocation factor (TLF) was smaller than 1 in both regions. It was estimated from 0.44 to 0.62 in the Hara Protected Area and from 0.51 to 1.01 in the Azini Bay. The enrichment coefficient for root (ECR) varied from 0.32 to 0.93 in the Hara Protected Area and from 0.32 to 0.51 in the Azini Bay. The ratio of heavy metals in leaves/sediments (ECL) also varied from 0.01 to 0.67 in the Hara Protected Area and from 0.01 to 0.47 in the Azini Bay. The enrichment coefficient for leaf (ECL) was always lower than ECR in both regions. Based on the above findings, A. marina can be regarded as an excluder for the heavy metals examined in this study, given its low efficiency in translocating and accumulating the heavy metals in the shoots. Apart from serving as a baseline for the study area, findings could be useful for mitigating heavy metal contamination in these sensitive ecosystems through possible phytomanagement using gray mangrove.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran

    Saber Ghasemi

  2. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Sina Siavash Moghaddam & Amir Rahimi

  3. Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece

    Christos A. Damalas

  4. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran

    Abolfazl Naji

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  1. Saber Ghasemi
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  2. Sina Siavash Moghaddam
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  3. Amir Rahimi
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  4. Christos A. Damalas
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  5. Abolfazl Naji
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Correspondence to Saber Ghasemi or Christos A. Damalas.

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Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

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Ghasemi, S., Siavash Moghaddam, S., Rahimi, A. et al. Phytomanagement of trace metals in mangrove sediments of Hormozgan, Iran, using gray mangrove (Avicennia marina). Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 28195–28205 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2684-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2684-9

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