Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Consumer purchase intention towards environmentally friendly vehicles: an empirical investigation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper examines whether attitudes towards electric vehicles (ATEVs), subjective norms (SNs) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) have significant associations with consumer purchase intention (PI) and the purchase behaviour of environmentally friendly vehicles (EFVs). The results from the survey questionnaires are analysed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). The findings of this paper indicate that ATEV, SN and PBC significantly influence PI. This finding also indicates that environmental consequence and individual preferences do not influence the PI of the respondents. We found that Malaysian car owners are largely unaware of the greenhouse effects on the environment or attach to it little importance, which is reflected in their PI towards EFVs. The outcomes of this study could help policymakers design programmes to influence attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and purchase behaviour to prevent further air pollution and reduce CO2 emissions from the transportation sector.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ajzen I (1985) From intentions to actions: a theory of planned behavior. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 11–39

  • Ajzen I (1991) The theory of planned behavior. Org Beh Plan Decis Process 50:179–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajzen I (2002) Constructing a TPB questionnaire: conceptual and methodological considerations

  • Anderson JC, Gerbing DW (1988) Structural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two-step approach. Psychol Bull 103(3):411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anon B (2009) Consumers doubt green efforts. Mark Manag 18:5–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Basu A, Hicks R (2008) Label performance and the willingness to pay for fair trade coffee: across-national perspective. Int J Consum Stud 32:470–478

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bayard B, Jolly C (2007) Environmental behavior structure and socio-economic conditions of hillside farmers: a multiple-group structural equation modeling approach. Ecol Econ 62(3):433–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya CB, Sen S (2004) Doing better at doing good: when, why and how consumers respond to corporate social initiatives. Calif Manag Rev 47(1):9–24. doi:10.2307/3850493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bockman S, Razzouk Y, Sirotnik B (2009) Going green—from left to center stage: an empirical perspective. J Am Acad Bus 14(2):8–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Byrne BM (2009) Structural equation modeling with AMOS: basic concepts, applications, and programming. CRC Press

  • Cheah I, Phau I (2011) “Attitudes towards environmentally friendly products: the influence of ecoliteracy, interpersonal influence and value orientation”. Mark Intell Plan 29(5):452–472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chinna K (2009) Structural equation modeling using AMOS. University Technology MARA, Shah Alam, Paper presented at lecture for AMOS workshop, 19–20 January 2009

    Google Scholar 

  • Darnall N, Pointing C, and Vazquez-Brust DA (2012) Why consumers buy green. Green Growth Manag Transit Sustain Econ 287–308

  • De Cannière MH, De Pelsmacker PD, Geuens M (2009) Relationship quality and the theory of planned behavior models of behavioral intentions and purchase behavior. J Bus Res 62:82–92. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.01.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Department of Environment, Malaysia (1987) Environmental quality report, 1986. Department of Environment, Malaysia, Putrajaya

    Google Scholar 

  • Department of Environment, Malaysia (2003) Environmental Quality Report, 2002. Putrajaya: Department of Environment, Malaysia

  • Department of Environment, Malaysia. Environmental quality report (2010) Department of Environment, Putrajaya. Retrieved from www.doe.gov.my/eia/wp-content/uploads/

  • Department of Environment, Malaysia. Environmental quality report (2012) Department of Environment, Putrajaya. Retrieved from www.doe.gov.my/eia/wp-content/uploads/

  • Department of statistics Malaysia (DOSM) (2012) http://www.statistics.gov.my/. Accessed 18 July 2014

  • Domina T, Koch K (2002) Convenience and frequency of recycling implications for including textiles in curbside recycling programs. Environ Behav 34(2):216–238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eck S (2009) Teures Gewissen. Werben & Verkaufen 8 22

  • Ferguson K (2011) Consumer perceptions of green: are we expecting too much? Available at SSRN 1909604

  • Field A (2009) Discovering statistics using SPSS, 3rd edn. Sage, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Finisterra P, Arminda M, Raposo B, Lino M, Leal W (2009) Identifying the green consumer: a segmentation study. J Target Meas Anal Mark 17:17–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher KS, Muehlegger EJ (2011) Giving green to get green: incentives and consumer adoption of hybrid vehicle technology. J Environ Econ Manag 61(1):1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hair JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, Anderson RE, Tatham RL (2006) Multivariate data analysis, vol 6. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River

    Google Scholar 

  • City Hall of Kuala Lumpur (2008) Draft Kuala Lumpur City Plan 2020-Towards a World Class City. Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur

  • Hair JF, Black WC, Anderson RE (2010) Multivariate data analysis, 7th edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River

    Google Scholar 

  • Hair JF, Ringle CM, Sarstedt M (2011) PLS-SEM: indeed a silver bullet. J Mark Theory Pract 19(2):139–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heffner R, Kurani KS, Turrentine TS (2007) Symbolism in California’s early market for hybrid electric vehicles. Transp Res 12:396–413

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoe SL (2008) Issues and procedures in adopting structural equation modeling technique. J Appl Quant Methods 3(1):76–83

    Google Scholar 

  • IEA (2007) Key World Energy Statistics, 2007. International Energy Agency, Paris

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Janssens W, Wijnen K, Pelsmacker PD, Kenhove PV (2008) Marketing research with SPSS. Prentice Hall/Financial Times, Harlow

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn CE (2007) Methods and apparatus for controlling access to a resource, Google Patents

  • Kalafatis SP, Pollard M, East R, Tsogas MH (1999) Green marketing and Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour: a cross-market examination. J Consum Mark 16(5):441–460

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kanarattanavong A, Ruenrom G (2009) The model of corporate environmentalism: the effects of perceived market uncertainty upon marketing, environmental, and social performance. Bus Rev Camb 12(2):140–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Kline RB (2005) Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, 2nd edn. Guilford, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kline RB (2010) Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, 3rd edn. Guilford, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Laroche M, Bergeron J, Barbaro-Forleo G (2001) Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products. J Consum Mark 18(6):503–520

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lillemo SC (2014) Measuring the effect of procrastination and environmental awareness on households’ energy-saving behaviours: an empirical approach. Energ Policy 66:249–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin SP (2013) The gap between global issues and personal behaviors: pro-environmental behaviors of citizens toward climate change in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Chang 18(6):773–783

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lind DA, Marchal WG and Wathen SA (2012) Statistical techniques in business & economics, vol. 11. McGraw-Hill/Irwin

  • Lowry PB, and Gaskin J (2014) Partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) for building and testing behavioral causal theory: when to choose it and how to use it. IEEE Trans Prof Commun 57(2):123–146

  • Malhotra N and Birks D (2007). Marketing research: an applied approach: 3rd European edition. Pearson Education

  • Ministry of Transport, Malaysia (2009) Ministry of Transport, Malaysia, Putrajaya

  • Ministry of Transport, Malaysia (2010) Ministry of Transport, Malaysia, Putrajaya

  • Oliver JD and Rosen DE (2010) Applying the environmental propensity framework: a segmented approach to hybrid electric vehicle marketing strategies. J Mark Theory Pract 377–393

  • Oliver JD, Lee SH (2010) Hybrid car purchase intentions: a cross-cultural analysis. Journal of Consumer Marketing 27(2):96–103, 10.1108/07363761011027204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oskamp S (1977) Attitudes and opinions. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramayah T, Lee JWC, Mohamad O (2010) Green product purchase intention: some insights from a developing country. Resour Conserv Recycl 54:1419–1427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro H, Cardoso MRA (2003) Air pollution and children's health in São Paulo (1986–1998). Social science & medicine 57(11):2013–2022

  • Roche MY, Mourato S, Fischedick M, Pietzner K, Viebahn P (2010) Public attitudes towards and demand for hydrogen and fuel cell vehicles: a review of the evidence and methodological implications. Energ policy 38(10):5301–5310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmeltz L (2012) Consumer-oriented CSR communication: focusing on ability or morality? Corp Commun Int J 17(1):29–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schumacker RE and Lomax RG (2004) A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling. 2

  • Sekaran U (2003) Research methods for business: a skill building approach. Willey, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sen S, Bhattacharya CB (2001) Does doing well always lead to doing better? Consumer reactions to corporate social responsibility. J Mark Res 38(2):225–243, http://www.jstor.org/pss/1558626

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sham S (1979) Mixing depth, wind speed and air pollution potential in Kuala Lumpur-P∼taljng lara An∼ajMalayal1 Na/ure J 32: 233-245

  • Shoukry SH, Saad SG, Eltemsahi AM, Abolfotouh MA (2012) Awareness, attitude, and concerns of workers and stakeholders of an environmental organization toward the environment. SAGE Open 2(4):2158244012462223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staats H (2003) Understanding proenvironmental attitudes and behavior: an analysis and review of research based on the theory of planned behavior. In: Bonnes M, Lee T, Bonaiuto M (eds) Psychological theories for environmental issues. Ashgate, Aldershot

    Google Scholar 

  • Tikir A, Lehmann B (2011) Climate change, theory of planned behavior and values: a structural equation model with mediation analysis. Clim Chang 104(2):389–402

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tran KC (2006) Public perception of development issues: public awareness can contribute to sustainable development of a small island. Ocean Coast Manag 49(5):367–383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Bree BV (2010) A multi-level perspective on the introduction of hydrogen and battery-electric vehicles. Technol Forecast Soc Chang 77:529–540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vermeir I, Verbeke W (2006) Sustainable food consumption: exploring the consumer “attitude-behavioral intention” gap. J Agric Environ Ethics 19(2):169–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Young A (2004) The octagon model of volunteer motivations: results of a phenomenological analysis. Int J Volunt Nonprofit Org 15(1):21–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Young WHK, McDonald S, Oates CJ (2010) Sustainable consumption: green consumer behaviour when purchasing products. Sustain Dev 18:20–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Zirbel K, Balint P, Parsons ECM (2011) Public awareness and attitudes towards naval sonar mitigation for cetacean conservation: a preliminary case study in Fairfax County, Virginia (the DC metro area). Mar Pollut Bull 63(1):49–55

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rulia Akhtar.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Afroz, R., Masud, M.M., Akhtar, R. et al. Consumer purchase intention towards environmentally friendly vehicles: an empirical investigation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 16153–16163 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4841-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4841-8

Keywords

Navigation