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Zolpidem improves patients’ sleep quality after surgical treatment for infective endocarditis: a prospective observational study

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of zolpidem for improving post-operative sleep quality among patients with infective endocarditis (IE) and to identify the potential risk factors for impaired sleep quality at 6 months after surgery.

Methods

Patients with IE who underwent surgical treatment were divided into two groups according to zolpidem usage. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were used to evaluate patients’ sleep quality and daytime sleepiness at baseline, which was the second day after transferal, and at 6 months after surgery. Logistic regression was used to identify potential risk factors.

Results

There were 32 patients in the zolpidem group and 42 in the control group. The PSQI and ESS scores at 6 months after surgery were significantly lower than those at baseline in both groups (P = 0.04). Additionally, 9 patients (28%) in the zolpidem group and 22 patients (52%) in the control group suffered poor sleep quality. Multivariate analysis identified age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–1.42), baseline PSQI score (OR = 2.66, 95%CI: 1.55–4.65), and no zolpidem usage (OR = 45.48, 95%CI: 3.01–691.23) as independent factors for poor sleep quality.

Conclusions

Poor sleep quality after IE surgery was prevalent among patients even 6 months after IE surgery. Age, baseline PSQI score and no zolpidem usage were independently associated with poor sleep quality. Therefore, zolpidem has the potential to be an effective part of a treatment arsenal for poor sleep quality after surgical treatment for IE.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (No. A2016057).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China

    Xiangming Hu & Fujun Jia

  2. Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China

    Xiangming Hu, Deyi Huang, Caidi Lin, Xiaoming Li, Fen Lu, Wenting Wei, Zhihong Yu, Huosheng Liao, Fang Huang & Xuezhen Huang

  3. Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Mental Health Center, No. 123, Huifu Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China

    Fujun Jia

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  1. Xiangming Hu
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Contributions

All authors contributed to this study. Experimental work, data collection, and analysis were performed by XH, DH, CL, XL, FL, WW, ZY, HL, FH, and XH. The draft of the manuscript was written by XH and FJ. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fujun Jia.

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Ethics approval consent to participate

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (No. GDREC2016222H(R2)). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethics standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethics standards. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study.

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Hu, X., Huang, D., Lin, C. et al. Zolpidem improves patients’ sleep quality after surgical treatment for infective endocarditis: a prospective observational study. Sleep Breath 26, 1097–1105 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-021-02479-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-021-02479-w

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