Skip to main content
Log in

On the Capacity of Mid-latitude High Frequency Ionospheric Channel

Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we consider the theoretical characterization of the ionospheric transmission. More accurately, we derive a closed form expression of the average capacity for Mid-latitude High Frequency (HF) ionospheric channels. Heretofore, this problem has been studied for Rayleigh channels when each tap of the impulse response has a Rayleigh distribution without characterizing the variance of this distribution. In this paper, we extend these works to HF ionospheric channels by evaluating the variance of the amplitude attenuation versus the Doppler spread and then the channel capacity. For a multipath HF ionospheric channel, we model the Doppler phenomenon as a Gaussian profile which is suggested for HF environments. Finally, we derive a closed form expression of the average channel capacity using the probability density function (pdf) of the instantaneous impulse response. Numerical results on both simulated and real measured data are derived at the end of the paper.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bello P. (1963) Characterization of randomly time-variant linear channels. IEEE Transactions on Communications Systems CS-11: 360–393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Biglieri E., Proakis J., Shamai S. (1988) Fading channels: Information-theoretic and communications aspects. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 44(6): 2619–2692

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Brockwell P., Davis R. (1991) Time series: Theory and methods. Springer, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  4. Coulon F. (1989) Théorie et traitement des signaux, presses polytechniques romandes edn. Dunod, Saint-Etienne

    Google Scholar 

  5. de~Carvalho, C. J. T., & Filho, H. T. (2002). Radio wave propagation for mobile communication in high frequency. In Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation Society (Vol. 1, pp. 702–704). San Antonio, Texas, USA.

  6. Gherm V. E., Zernov N. N., Strangeways H. J. (1995) Monte carlo simulation in the theory of wave propagation in random media: II. Scintillation index, second and fourth moments. Waves Random Media 5(3): 277–287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Gherm, V. E., Zernov, N. N., & Strangeways, H. J. (2005). Propagation model for transionospheric fluctuating paths of propagation: Simulator of the transionospheric channel. Radio Science 40(1), RS 1003.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Giles, T., & Willoughby, I. (1993). Simulation of high frequency voice band radio channels. In Proceedings IEEE, Military Communications Conference, MILCOM ’93 (pp. 342–348). Boston, MA, USA.

  9. Goutelard, C. (1998). Physical studies of the ionosphere and telecommunications and teledetection development: Synergy and progress. In IAMeeting of IQITSPO, Turkey.

  10. Goutelard C., & Pautot C. (2000). Ionospheric phenomena created by the solar eclipse of 11 August 1999 from Canada to Indies. In Proceedings of IEE, Eighth International Conference on HF Radio Systems and Techniques. Guilford (pp. 397–402). UK

  11. Gradshtein L., Ryzhik M. (1994) Table of integrals: Series and products (Hardcovers), 5th ed. Alain Jeffrey Editor, New York

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hoffmeyer, J., Vogler, L., Mastrangelo, J., Pratt, L., & Behm, C. (1991). A new HF channel model and its implementation in a real-time simulator (pp. 173–177). Edinburgh, UK.

  13. Lemmon, J., & Behm, C. (1991). Wideband HF noise/interference modelling part I: first-order statistics (pp. 91–277). NTIA report.

  14. Mastrangelo J.F., Lemmon J.J., Vogler L.E., Hoffmeyer J.A., Pratt L.E., Behm C.J. (1997) A new wideband high frequency channel simulation system. IEEE Transactions on Communications 45(1): 26–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ralphs J., Sladen F. (1976) An HF channel simulator using a new Rayleigh fading method. The Radio and Electronic Engineer 46(12): 459–587

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. ShepherdR. Lomax J. (1967) Frequency spread in ionospheric radio propagation. IEEE Transactions on Communications Technology Coms-15(2): 268–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rummler W. (1981) More on the multipath fading channel model. IEEE Transactions on Communications 39: 346–352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Vogler L., Hoffmeyer J. (1993) A model for wideband HF-propagation channels. Radio Science 28(6): 1131–1142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Watterson C., Juroshek J., Bensema W. (1970) Experimental confirmation of an HF channel model. IEEE Transactions on Communications Technology Com-18: 792–803

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Xu Z. W., Wu J., Li Q. (2007) Solution for the fourth moment equation of waves in random continuum under strong fluctuations: General theory and plane wave solution. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 55(6): 1613–1621

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Xu Z. W., Wu J., Wu Z. S. (2004) A survey of ionospheric effects on space-based radar. Waves Random Media 14(2): S189–S273

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abderrazak Abdaoui.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Abdaoui, A., Dziri, A., Goutelard, C. et al. On the Capacity of Mid-latitude High Frequency Ionospheric Channel. Wireless Pers Commun 60, 237–249 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-010-9940-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-010-9940-8

Keywords

Navigation