Abstract
Burkholderia sp. SP4, isolated from agricultural soils, has a high capability of degrading di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (DEHP). It degrades up to 99% of DEHP (300 mg l−1) in minimal salt (MS) media within 48 h without adding additionally auxiliary carbon source. The optimal conditions for SP4 to degrade DEHP are determined to be at 35 °C and pH 6.0. Supplementation of glucose (3.0 g l−1), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (0.2%), peptone (0.5 g l−1), or non-ionic surfactant Brij 35 (0.2%, 0.5% or 1%) in MS-DEHP media increases the DEHP degradation activity. Furthermore, kinetic analyses for DEHP degradation by SP4 reveals that it is a first-order reaction, and the half-life analyses also demonstrates that SP4 has a better degradative activity compared to other previously identified microbes. By means of HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, the metabolic intermediates of DEHP are identified for SP4, which include mono-2-ethylhexylphthalate (MEHP), mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), phthalic acid (PA), salicylic acid (SA), and 4-oxo-hexanoic acid. The presence of SA indicates that SP4 can consume DEHP using a dual biodegradation pathway diverged from the isomeric products of benzoate. Taken together, our study identifies a resilient DEHP-degradable bacterium and characterizes a novel degradation pathway for DEHP biodegradation. We plan to build on this finding in the context of removing DEHP from various environments.
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Data availability
The 16S rDNA sequence of SP4 was submitted to GenBank with accession number KT306966. The other datasets generated or analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Dr. Pei-Jen Chen, and Dr. Nai-Chun Lin for technique help. We thank Dr. Yang-Hsin Shih for the suggestions. We also acknowledge the mass spectrometry technical research services from NTU consortia of Key Technologies.
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This study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C (MOST-104-2320-B-002-038).
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YSH, YHL and WFW conceived and designed research. YSH, YHL and CHL conducted experiments. CHT and WFW wrote the manuscript. CHT and WFW analyzed and interpreted the data. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Hsu, YS., Liu, YH., Lin, CH. et al. Dual bio-degradative pathways of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate by a novel bacterium Burkholderia sp. SP4. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 39, 44 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-022-03490-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-022-03490-3