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Burkholderia sp. SCMS54 Triggers a Global Stress Defense in Tomato Enhancing Cadmium Tolerance

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Abstract

Cadmium is a toxic element for living organisms. This metal causes different damages to the cell, generating oxidative stress. In order to elucidate cadmium tolerance mechanism and increase tomato plant tolerance by inoculating a Cd-tolerant Burkholderia strain, we analyzed malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide content, and the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione S-transferase of two strains, one isolated from a soil contaminated with Cd (strain SCMS54) and the other from a soil without Cd (strain SNMS32). Strains SNMS32 and SCMS54 exhibited different SOD, CAT, and GR isoenzyme profiles in non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, with strain SCMS54 exhibiting an extra isoenzyme for all enzymes (Mn-SOD, CAT I, and GR IV, respectively). Despite accumulating more Cd, strain SCMS54 did not increase peroxide hydrogen and presented a fast antioxidant response (increasing SOD and CAT after 5 h of Cd exposure). In this way, strain SCMS54 exhibited a higher metabolic diversity and plasticity when compared to strain SNMS32, so it was selected for Cd–Burkholderia–tomato interaction studies. Inoculated tomato plants in the presence of Cd grew more than non-inoculated plants with Cd indicating that the SCMS54 increased tomato Cd tolerance. It appears that the strain isolated from Cd-contaminated soil (SCMS54) triggers a global stress response in tomato increasing plant tolerance, which may enable plants to be cultivated in Cd-contaminated soils.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP—Grant no. 2009/54676-0), which also granted to M.N.D. a graduate scholarship (FAPESP no. 2011/50368-9). Thanks are also due to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq no. Grant no. 477652/2010-7), which also granted to R.A.A. a research fellowship (CNPq no. 302540/2011-3).

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  1. Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo—USP, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Manuella N. Dourado, Lucas A. Souza, Paula F. Martins, Leila P. Peters, Fernando A. Piotto & Ricardo A. Azevedo

  2. Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas—UNICAMP, CP 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Lucas A. Souza

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  1. Manuella N. Dourado
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  2. Lucas A. Souza
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  3. Paula F. Martins
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  4. Leila P. Peters
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  5. Fernando A. Piotto
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  6. Ricardo A. Azevedo
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Correspondence to Ricardo A. Azevedo.

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Dourado, M.N., Souza, L.A., Martins, P.F. et al. Burkholderia sp. SCMS54 Triggers a Global Stress Defense in Tomato Enhancing Cadmium Tolerance. Water Air Soil Pollut 225, 2159 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2159-7

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