Abstract
Effects of the combined application of ferrihydrite-modified diatomite (FHMD) and gypsum on phosphorus control were investigated in a laboratory-scale artificial aquarium under anoxic and agitation conditions over 120 days. Daily oscillation of a metal grid to simulate agitating effects by wind did not yield the sediment resuspension in the 120-day treatment aquarium (120-day aquarium) due to the gypsum stabilization, while significant sediment resuspension was observed in the control aquarium. The combined application of FHMD and gypsum did not affect the total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) concentrations in both the control aquarium and the 120-day aquarium. Under anoxic conditions and sediment resuspension conditions, a large increase in total phosphorus (TP) concentrations was observed in the control aquarium. However, the TP concentrations in the 120-day aquarium stayed relatively stable, within a range of 9.1–13.3 μg/L. After the 120 days’ incubation, translocation from mobile labile-P and organic-P to P adsorbed by FHMD occurred. The combined application of FHMD and gypsum effectively maintained TP levels within the oligotrophic range under anoxic and agitation conditions in the laboratory-scale artificial aquarium by removing phosphorus from lake water and reducing sedimentary phosphorus release via gypsum sediment stabilization and FHMD phosphorus immobilization.
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Acknowledgments
The research project was supported through an NSERC discovery research grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and an international research grant from China. The authors are grateful to Mr. D. Fisher, technologist at the University of Saskatchewan, for his assistance in the environmental laboratory.
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Xiong, W., Peng, J. Combined Application of Ferrihydrite-Modified Diatomite and Gypsum to Phosphorus Control in a Laboratory-Scale Artificial Aquarium. Water Air Soil Pollut 225, 1855 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1855-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1855-z