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Pressure-Dependent EPANET Extension

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Abstract

In water distribution systems (WDSs), the available flow at a demand node is dependent on the pressure at that node. When a network is lacking in pressure, not all consumer demands will be met in full. In this context, the assumption that all demands are fully satisfied regardless of the pressure in the system becomes unreasonable and represents the main limitation of the conventional demand driven analysis (DDA) approach to WDS modelling. A realistic depiction of the network performance can only be attained by considering demands to be pressure dependent. This paper presents an extension of the renowned DDA based hydraulic simulator EPANET 2 to incorporate pressure-dependent demands. This extension is termed “EPANET-PDX” (pressure-dependent extension) herein. The utilization of a continuous nodal pressure-flow function coupled with a line search and backtracking procedure greatly enhance the algorithm’s convergence rate and robustness. Simulations of real life networks consisting of multiple sources, pipes, valves and pumps were successfully executed and results are presented herein. Excellent modelling performance was achieved for analysing both normal and pressure deficient conditions of the WDSs. Detailed computational efficiency results of EPANET-PDX with reference to EPANET 2 are included as well.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded in part by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under Grant Number EP/G055564/1. The authors are grateful to the British Government (Overseas Research Students Award Scheme) and the University of Strathclyde for funding for the first author’s PhD programme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Strathclyde Glasgow, John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK

    Calvin Siew & Tiku T. Tanyimboh

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  1. Calvin Siew
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  2. Tiku T. Tanyimboh
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Correspondence to Tiku T. Tanyimboh.

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Siew, C., Tanyimboh, T.T. Pressure-Dependent EPANET Extension. Water Resour Manage 26, 1477–1498 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-011-9968-x

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