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The Frustration Factor: Volunteer Perspectives of Frustration in a Sport Setting

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VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Volunteers are an integral part of the labor pool in the sports industry and organizations benefit from the extensive contributions that volunteer workers make to the daily operations of organizations and the overall management of events. Sport organizations have tended to utilize mainstream human resource management practices that focus on paid workers ignoring the differences in motivation and satisfaction factors that differentiate the sports volunteer worker along with the sports industry. This study explores the lived experience of long-term sport volunteers with regard to training and work preparedness, recognition and status, well-being, and belonging. The study employs an ethnographic research strategy in an authentic environment that would allow the researchers to untangle and understand the multiple realities that construct the volunteer experience. A holistic view of the dynamic interdependencies of all components of the volunteer community emerges yielding a new typology, the Frustration Factor.

Résumé

Les bénévoles font partie intégrante du réservoir de la force de travail dans le secteur du sport et les organisations bénéficient d’importantes contributions faites par les travailleurs bénévoles pour les opérations quotidiennes des organisations et la gestion générale des évènements. Les organisations sportives ont tendance à utiliser des pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines ordinaires qui privilégient les travailleurs rémunérés, en ignorant les différences des facteurs de motivation et de satisfaction qui différencient les travailleurs bénévoles du secteur sportif avec le secteur sportif. Cette étude explore l’expérience vécue de volontaires sportifs de longue durée en ce qui concerne la formation et la préparation au travail, la reconnaissance et le statut, le bien-être et le sentiment d’appartenance. L’étude utilise une stratégie de recherche ethnographique dans un environnement authentique qui permettrait aux chercheurs d’éclaircir et de comprendre les multiples réalités qui construisent l’expérience des volontaires. Une vision holistique des interdépendances dynamiques de toutes les composantes de la communauté des bénévoles se dégage pour donner une nouvelle typologie, le facteur de frustration.

Zusammenfassung

Ehrenamtliche Mitarbeiter sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Arbeitskräftebestands in der Sportindustrie, und Organisationen profitieren von den beträchtlichen Beiträgen, die die ehrenamtlichen Mitarbeiter für den täglichen Betrieb der Organisationen und das insgesamte Management von Veranstaltungen leisten. Sportorganisationen tendieren dazu, etablierte Personalmanagementpraktiken anzuwenden, die sich auf bezahlte Mitarbeiter konzentrieren, und lassen dabei die Unterschiede bei der Motivation und Zufriedenheit außer Acht, die die Ehrenamtlichen im Sportbereich und auch die Sportindustrie differenzieren. Diese Studie erforscht die Erfahrungen langfristiger ehrenamtlicher Mitarbeiter in der Sportindustrie hinsichtlich Schulung und Vorbereitung auf die Arbeit, Anerkennung und Status sowie Wohlbefinden und Zugehörigkeit. Die Studie wendet eine ethnografische Forschungsstrategie in einer authentischen Umgebung an, die es den Forschern ermöglichte, die vielen Realitäten, die die Erfahrung der Ehrenamtlichen ausmachen, zu entwirren und zu verstehen. Dabei entsteht eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung der dynamischen Interdependenzen aller Komponenten der ehrenamtlichen Gemeinschaft, die zu einer neuen Typologie führt, dem Frustrationsfaktor.

Resumen

Los voluntarios son una parte integrante de la fuerza laboral en la industria y en las organizaciones deportivas que se benefician de las extensas contribuciones que los trabajadores voluntarios realizan en las operaciones diarias de las organizaciones y en la gestión global de los eventos. Las organizaciones deportivas han tendido a utilizar las prácticas de gestión de recursos humanos convencionales que se centran en los trabajadores pagados ignorando las diferencias en la motivación y los factores de satisfacción que diferencian al trabajador voluntario del deporte junto con la industria deportiva. El presente estudio explora la experiencia vivida de voluntarios del deporte a largo plazo con respecto a la formación y a la preparación para el trabajo, el reconocimiento y el estatus, el bienestar y la pertenencia. El estudio emplea una estrategia de investigación etnográfica en un entorno auténtico que debería permitir a los investigadores desentrañar y comprender las múltiples realidades que construyen la experiencia del voluntario. Emerge una visión holística de las interdependencias dinámicas de todos los componentes de la comunidad voluntaria ofreciendo una nueva tipología, el Factor de frustración.

摘要

在体育行业, 志愿者是劳动力资源不可分割的一部分, 组织机构受益于志愿者对其日常运行及赛事整体管理做出的广泛贡献。 体育机构 已经趋向利用主流人类资源管理实践,这种实践的重点是有薪工作人员,忽视了区分体育志愿者的动机和满意度因素。本研究从培训和工作准备、认可和地位、幸福感和归属感等方面出发,探讨了长期提供志愿活动的体育志愿者的经历,在研究过程中,在真正的环境中利用人种学的研究策略,因此,研究人员可以解开和理解志愿者体验的真实情况,对志愿者群体的所有组成部分之间的动态依存的状态有了整体了解, 产生了一个新的类型学—挫折因素.

ملخص

المتطوعين هم جزء لا يتجزأ من الأيدي العاملة في صناعة الرياضة وتستفيد المنظمات من مساهمات واسعة النطاق التي العمال المتطوعين يقومون به في العمليات اليومية للمنظمات و أحداث الإدارة الشاملة. إتجهت المنظمات الرياضية للإستفادة من تعميم ممارسات إدارة الموارد البشرية التي تركز على العاملين بأجر تتجاهل الإختلافات في عوامل التحفيز والرضا التي تميز عامل رياضي متطوع إلى جانب صناعة الرياضة. هذه الدراسة تكتشف تجربة المعايشة لمتطوعين الرياضة على المدى الطويل فيما يتعلق بالتدريب والإستعداد للعمل، التقدير والوضع، الرفاهية، والانتماء. تستخدم الدراسة إستراتيجية البحوث الإثنوجرافية في بيئة حقيقية من شأنها أن تسمح للباحثين فك وفهم الحقائق المتعددة التي تبني خبرات المتطوعين.إنشاء نظرة شمولية من الترابط الديناميكي لجميع مكونات المجتمع التطوعي يؤدي إلى تصنيف جديد، عامل الشعور بالإحباط.

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Correspondence to R. Dale Sheptak Jr..

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Sheptak, R.D., Menaker, B.E. The Frustration Factor: Volunteer Perspectives of Frustration in a Sport Setting. Voluntas 27, 831–852 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-015-9635-6

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