Abstract
In Mexico, the number of cases of the highly virulent Newcastle disease virus is increasing. In 2005, an outbreak of Newcastle disease occurred on an egg laying hen farm in the state of Puebla despite vaccination with the LaSota strain. Farmers experienced a major drop in egg production as a consequence of a field challenge virus. In this study, we characterize the virus, APMV1/chicken/Mexico/P05/2005, responsible for the outbreak. The virus is categorized as a velogenic virus with an intracranial pathogenicity index of 1.99 and a chicken embryo mean death time of 36 h. The complete genome length of the virus was sequenced as consisting of 15,192 bp. In addition, phylogenetic analysis classified the virus as a member of the class II, genotype V. The highly pathogenic nature of the virus has been linked to the amino acid sequence at the fusion protein cleavage site, which contains multiple basic amino acids (RRQKR↓F).
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Dr. Claudio L. Afonso for reviewing the manuscript. This study was supported by CONACYT (Grant Salud-2009-C02-126990) and by the Instituto Politecnico Nacional (Grand SIP-20121834).
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11262_2012_782_MOESM1_ESM.eps
Phylogenetic analysis of 77 nucleotide sequences of the variable region of gene F (nucleotides 47-420) of class I and class II (Genotypes I – IX) of representative genomes. The evolutionary history was inferred using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Kimura 2-parameter model. When the number of common sites was < 100 or less than one fourth of the total number of sites, the maximum parsimony method was used; otherwise the BIONJ method with MCL distance matrix was used. The phylogenetic tree is drawn to scale with the highest log-likelihood (-4220.8699), with branch lengths measured as the number of substitutions per site (only shows the highest at 0.005). A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites (5 categories (+G, parameter = 0.4757)). Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA5 [13]. (EPS 2849 kb)
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Absalón, A.E., Mariano-Matías, A., Vásquez-Márquez, A. et al. Complete genome sequence of a velogenic Newcastle disease virus isolated in Mexico. Virus Genes 45, 304–310 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-012-0782-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-012-0782-1