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Defatted silkworm pupae meal as an alternative protein source for cattle

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Abstract  

Silkworm pupae meal (SWP) is a protein-rich by-product of the silk reeling industry, available in a significant quantity. However, there has been little and insignificant research into the use of SWP in ruminants to date. In this view, the present study was conducted in two phases to evaluate the effect of different inclusion levels of defatted silkworm pupae meal (DSWP) on rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and nutrient utilisation in cattle fed on finger millet straw (FMS)-based diet. Four isonitrogenous concentrate mixtures (CM) were prepared with DSWP replacing soybean meal (SBM) protein at 0 (T0), 10 (T1), 20 (T2) and 30% (T3). In phase I, a rumen fermentation experiment was conducted in a 4 × 4 Latin square design using four crossbred steers to study the effect of different levels of DSWP on rumen fermentation. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed in rumen fermentation parameters such as pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) among the experimental groups. In phase II, the digestibility trial was conducted in 20 crossbred cattle (311.2 ± 4.81 kg), which were divided into four experimental groups of five animals each in a completely randomised design to study the effect of different rations (T0, T1, T2, T3) on microbial protein synthesis and nutrient utilisation. The intake and digestibility of nutrients, excretion of urinary purine derivatives and microbial protein synthesis were not significantly different among the experimental groups. In addition, feeding DSWP revealed no significant (P > 0.05) change in the blood biochemical parameters of animals. Furthermore, at the same price as SBM, DSWP provides two units more crude protein. Therefore, the results of the present study indicated that DSWP can be incorporated into the ration of cattle up to 30% by replacing SBM without affecting rumen fermentation pattern and nutrient utilisation.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thanks the director of CSRTI, Mysore, for providing the financial support and the principal investigator for conducting this research work under ICAR-NIANP, a CSRTI collaborative project. The authors sincerely acknowledge the director of ICAR-NIANP and the director of ICAR-NDRI for providing the necessary research amenities for this study. The authors are extremely grateful to ICAR-NDRI for providing good education facilities and institutional scholarship throughout the M. V. Sc.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR – National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India

    K. M. Rashmi

  2. ICAR – National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India

    M. Chandrasekharaiah, N. M. Soren, K. S. Prasad & C. G. David

  3. Central Sericultural Research and, Training Institute (CSRTI), Karnataka, Mysuru, 570008, India

    Y. Thirupathaiah & V. Shivaprasad

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Contributions

KMR conducted the experiment, analysed data and wrote the manuscript. MC conceived and designed research and was responsible for supervision and project administration. NMS was responsible for supervision and data analysis. NMS, KSP and CGD contributed reagents and analytical tools. YT and VS provided test sample.

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Correspondence to K. M. Rashmi or M. Chandrasekharaiah.

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The present experiment was carried out strictly according to the norms of the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC) of ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (ICAR-NIANP), Adugodi, Bengaluru.

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Rashmi, K.M., Chandrasekharaiah, M., Soren, N.M. et al. Defatted silkworm pupae meal as an alternative protein source for cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 54, 327 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03323-3

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