Abstract
Coverage planning is an important engineering task in deploying UMTS networks implementing both high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) and Release 99 (R99) services. Coverage planning amounts to determining the cell coverage pattern by means of setting the common pilot channel (CPICH) power of the cells. A conventional strategy is to uniformly allocate a proportion of the total power to CPICH. In this paper, we develop mathematical modeling and optimization approaches to bring the benefit of power saving enabled by optimizing non-uniform CPICH to enhance HSDPA performance, while preserving a desired degree of soft handover (SHO) for R99. The study focuses on HSDPA performance at cell edges, where data throughput is typically low. An integer linear programming model is developed for the resulting optimization problem. The model admits optimal or near-optimal planning solutions for relatively small networks. Solution algorithms based on local search and repeated local search are developed. These algorithms are able to perform the optimization for large-scale networks time-efficiently. Experimental results for both synthesized networks as well as instances originating from real planning scenarios demonstrate the benefit of our optimization approach.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
3GPP (2004). Utra high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), overall description, stage 2 (release 5). http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/25308.htm.
Amaldi, E., Capone, A., & Malucelli, F. (2003). Planning UMTS base station location: optimization models with power control and algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2, 939–952.
Avidor, D., & Mukherjee, S. (2002). Downlink dimensioning for the HSDPA standard. In Proceedings of IEEE WPMC ’02 (pp. 372–376).
Brueck, S., Jugl, E., Kettschau, H.-J., Link, M., Mueckenheim, J., & Zaporozhets, A. (2007). Radio resource management in HSDPA and HSUPA. Bell Labs Technical Journal, 11, 151–167.
Ericson, M., & Wänstedt, S. (2007). Mixed traffic HSDPA scheduling—impact on VoIP capacity. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Spring ’07 (pp. 1281–1286).
Frederiksen, F., Holma, H., Kolding, T., & Pedersen, K. (2006). HSDPA bit rates, capacity, and coverage. In H. Holma & T. Toskala (Eds.), HSDPA/HSUPA for UMTS: high speed access for mobile communication. New York: Wiley.
Furuskär, A., Parkvall, S., Persson, M., & Samuelsson, M. (2002). Performance of WCDMA high speed packet data. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Spring ’02 (pp. 1427–1431).
Gomes, J. S., Yun, M., Choi, H.-A., Kim, J.-H., Sohn, J., & Choi, H. (2007). Scheduling algorithms for policy driven QoS support in HSDPA networks. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Spring ’07 (pp. 899–903).
Holma, H., & Toskala, A. (Eds.) (2004). WCDMA for UMTS, radio access for third generation mobile communications. New York: Wiley.
ILOG CPLEX 10 (2006). User’s manual. ILOG.
IST-2000-28088 MOMENTUM (2003). http://momentum.zib.de (updated in 2005).
Kazmi, M., & Wiberg, N. (2003). Scheduling algorithms for HS-DSCH in a WCDMA mixed traffic scenario. In Proceedings of IEEE PIMRC ’03 (pp. 1485–1489).
Kolding, T., Frederiksen, F., & Mogensen, P. (2002). Performance aspects of WCDMA systems with high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA). In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Fall ’02 (pp. 477–481).
Lundevall, M., Olin, B., Olsson, J., Wiberg, N., Wänstedt, S., Eriksson, J., & Eng, F. (2004). Streaming applications over HSDPA in mixed service scenarios. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Fall ’04 (pp. 841–845).
Nawrocki, M., Aghvami, H., & Dohler, M. (Eds.) (2006). Understanding UMTS radio network modelling, planning and automated optimisation: theory and practice. New York: Wiley.
Olin, B., Nyberg, H., & Lundevall, M. (2004). A novel approach to WCDMA radio network dimensioning. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Fall ’04.
Pedersen, K., Lootsma, T., Støttrup, M., Frederiksen, F., Kolding, T., & Mogensen, P. (2004). Network performance of mixed traffic on high speed downlink packet access and dedicated channels in WCDMA. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Fall ’04 (pp. 4496–4500).
Siomina, I., Värbrand, P., & Yuan, D. (2007). Pilot power optimization and coverage control in WCDMA mobile networks. Omega, 35, 683–696.
Siomina, I., & Yuan, D. (2008). Minimum pilot power for service coverage in WCDMA networks. Wireless Networks, 14, 393–402.
Sun, Y., Gunnarsson, F., & Hiltunen, K. (2003). CPICH power settings in irregular WCDMA macro cellular networks. In Proceedings of IEEE PIMRC ’03 (pp. 1176–1180).
Turke, U., Koonert, M., Schelb, R., & Görg, C. (2004). HSDPA performance analysis in UMTS radio network planning simulations. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Spring ’04 (pp. 2555–2559).
Valkealahti, K., Höglund, A., Pakkinen, J., & Flanagan, A. (2002). WCDMA common pilot power control for load and coverage balancing. In Proceedings of IEEE PIMRC ’02 (pp. 1412–1416).
Voigt, J., Deissner, J., Hübner, J., Hunold, D., & Möbius, S. (2005). Optimizing HSDPA performance in the UMTS network planning process. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC Spring ’05 (pp. 2384–2388).
Zhu, H., Buot, T., Nagaike, R., & Harman, S. (2002). Load balancing in WCDMA systems by adjusting pilot power. In Proceedings of IEEE WPMC ’02 (pp. 936–940).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, L., Yuan, D. Coverage planning for optimizing HSDPA performance and controlling R99 soft handover. Telecommun Syst 51, 53–64 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9414-z
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9414-z