Abstract
Many localization algorithms and systems have been developed by means of wireless sensor networks for both indoor and outdoor environments. To achieve higher localization accuracy, extra hardware equipments are utilized by most of the existing localization solutions, which increase the cost and considerably limit the location-based applications. The Internet of Things (IOT) integrates many technologies, such as Internet, Zigbee, Bluetooth, infrared, WiFi, GPRS, 3G, etc., which can enable different ways to obtain the location information of various objects. Location-based service is a primary service of the IOT, while localization accuracy is a key issue. In this paper, a higher accuracy localization scheme is proposed which can effectively satisfy diverse requirements for many indoor and outdoor location services. The proposed scheme composes of two phases: (1) the partition phase, in which the target region is split into small grids; (2) the localization refinement phase, in which a higher accuracy of localization can be obtained by applying an algorithm designed in the paper. A trial system is set up to verify correctness of the proposed scheme and furthermore to illustrate its feasibility and availability. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can improve the localization accuracy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Atzori L, Iera A, Morabito G (2010) The Internet of Things: a survey. Comput Netw, 54(15):2787–2805
Bahl P, Padmanabhan VN (2000) RADAR: An In-building RF-based user location and tracking system. In: IEEE INFOCOM.
Bohli J-M, Sorge C, Westhoff D (2009) Initial observations on economics, pricing, and penetration of the internet of things market. Comput Commun Rev 39(2):50–55
Bulusu N, Heidemann J (2000) GPS-less low-cost outdoor localization for very small devices. IEEE Pers Commun Mag 7(5):28–34
Castellani AP, Bui N, Casari P, Rossi M, Shelby Z, Zorzi M (2010) Architecture and protocols for the Internet of Things: a case study. In: 8th IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications workshops (PERCOM Workshops)
Cheng X, Thaeler A (2004) TPS: a time-based positioning scheme for outdoor wireless sensor networks. In: IEEE INFOCOM
Cho H, Jang H, Baek Y (2010) Practical localization system for consumer devices using ZigBee networks. IEEE Trans Consum Electron 56(3):1562–1569
Doherty L, Pister KSJ (2001) Convex position estimation in wireless sensor networks. In: IEEE INFOCOM
He T, Huang C (2003) Range-free localization schemes for large scale sensor networks. In: Proc 9th annual international conference on mobile computing and networking
Huang T, Chen Z, Xia F, Jin C, Li L (2010) A practical localization algorithm based on wireless sensor networks. In: IEEE/ACM int conf on green computing and communications (GreenCom), Hangzhou, China, December 18–20. IEEE Press, New York
Huircan JI, Munoz C, Young H, Von Dossow L, Bustos J, Vivallo G, Toneatti M (2010) ZigBee-based wireless sensor network localization for cattle monitoring in grazing fields. Comput Electron Agric 74(2):258–264
Internet of Things-An action plan for Europe (2009) http://ec.europa.eu/
ITU Internet reports (2005) The Internet of Things, http://www.itu.int/
Karalar TC, Rabaey J (2006) An RF ToF based ranging implementation for sensor networks. In: IEEE international conference on communications, June 2006, vol 7, pp 3347–3352
Khoo B (2010) RFID- from tracking to the Internet of Things: a review of developments. In: Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE/ACM int’l conference on green computing and communications & int’l conference on cyber, physical and social computing, Dec 2010
Kułakowski P, Vales-Alonso J, Egea-López E, Ludwin W, García-Haro J (2010) Angle-of-arrival localization based on antenna arrays for wireless sensor networks. Comput Electr Eng 36(6):1181–1186
Kumar P, Reddy L (2009) Distance measurement and error estimation scheme for RSSI based localization in Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Fifth IEEE conference on wireless communication and sensor networks (WCSN), Dec 2009.
Mao G, Fidan B (2007) Wireless sensor network localization techniques. Comput Netw 51(10):2529–2553
Nagpal R, Shrobe H (2003) Organizing a global coordinate system from local information on an ad hoc sensor network. In: International conference on information processing in sensor networks (IPSN)
Niculescu D, Nath B (2003) Ad hoc positioning system (APS) using AOA. In: IEEE INFOCOM
Niculescu D, Nath B (2003) DV based positioning in ad hoc networks. Telecommun Syst 22(1–4):267–280
Shang Y, Ruml W (2003) Localization from mere connectivity. In: Proc 4th ACM international symposium on mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Silverajan B, Harju J (2009) Developing network software and communications protocols towards the Internet of Things. In: 4th International ICST conference on communication system software and middleware (COMSWARE), June 2009
Yick J, Mukherjee B, Ghosal D (2008) Wireless sensor network survey. Comput Netw 52(12):2292–2330
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, Z., Xia, F., Huang, T. et al. A localization method for the Internet of Things. J Supercomput 63, 657–674 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-011-0693-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-011-0693-2