The currents of 5-ns pulsed high-current electron beams produced in a planar vacuum diode with explosive-emission cathodes made of various materials with no external magnetic field at an average electric field strength in the gap of about 300 kV/cm have been measured and time-integrated observation of the optical luminescence of the cathode surface have been performed. Cathodes with a ceramic bushing and spring metal contacts, with ceramic plates set in a magnetic iron matrix, with blades made of stamped exfoliated graphite (Graflex), with blades made of foil fiberglass plastic, and a composite cathode made of crystalline boron and copper powders were tested. The current carried by one emission center has been estimated to range between 5 and 20 A for various cathodes. For the metal-dielectric cathode, the velocity of expansion of the cathode plasma over the ceramic surface has been estimated as 2·107 cm/s. The lifetimes of the cathodes at a pulse repetition rate of 50 Hz have been investigated.
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Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 7, pp. 41–48, July, 2012.
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Afanas’ev, K.V., Vagner, M.I., Kutenkov, O.P. et al. Current characteristics of quasi-planar vacuum diodes with explosive-emission cathodes made of various materials at a high-voltage pulse duration of a few nanoseconds. Russ Phys J 55, 772–780 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-012-9880-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-012-9880-8